响应面法优化新型磁性固体酸催化地沟油甘油酯化的工艺.docVIP

响应面法优化新型磁性固体酸催化地沟油甘油酯化的工艺 　　摘要：以地沟油为原料，采用自制新型磁性固体酸催化剂A作为地沟油预酯化催化剂，通过响应面法优化试验分析催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比、反应温度，反应时间对地沟油酯化率的影响，得到最优工艺条件为醇酸摩尔比0.5、催化剂用量0.59%、反应温度221 ℃、反应时间2.55 h，酯化率达99.67%。地沟油酸值由114.82 mg KOH/g降至0.39 mg KOH/g。催化剂重复利用5次，酯化率依然保持在97.49%以上。 　　关键词：地沟油；磁性固体酸催化剂；预酯化；响应面法 　　中图分类号：TQ35 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）05-1259-05 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.043 　　Optimization of the New Type Magnetic Solid Acid Catalyst Catalyzed Esterification of Swill-cooked Dirty Oil With Glycerol by Response Surface Method 　　XU Shi-jie，JI Xiang，LIU Bin，CHENG Jie，CAI Lu 　　（The Institute of Bioengineering and Technology/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Biomass-Energy Conversion，Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technolog，Baotou 014010，Inner Mongolia，China） 　　Abstract： Using swill-cooked dirty oil as raw material，the new type self-made magnetic solid acid catalyst A was used as pre esterification catalyst. The effects of catalyst dosage， molar ratio of methanol to free fatty acid， reaction temperature，reaction time on the swill-cooked dirty oil esterification rate were analyzed by the response surface. Finally the optimal process conditions were got. The molar ratio of methanol to free fatty acid（FFA） was 0.5，the amount of catalyst was 0.59%，the reaction temperature was 221 ℃，reaction time was 2.55 h. The esterification rate reached 99.67%. Swill-cooked dirty oil acid value reduced from 114.82 mg KOH/g to 0.39 mg KOH/g. Catalyst was reused five times，the esterification rate remained at 97.49%. 　　Key words： swill-cooked dirty oil；magnetic solid acid catalyst；pre esterification；response surface method 　　人类社会经济的高速发展伴随着能源的大量消耗，目前全球能源需求约为每年14 TW，预计到2050年将增加到每年28～30 TW[1]。化石燃料消耗会产生大量的二氧化碳排放，据世界气候报告[1]，预计二氧化碳到2050年排放量将增长到1 300亿t。化石燃料资源枯竭和温室气体大量排放，将会给人类世界带来能源枯竭和气候变化的严峻挑战。生物柴油以其可再生、无污染等特点作为化石燃料的替代品，在一些国家大量生产[2]。生物柴油产业因成本等原因不适合用食用油脂为原料，所以废油脂作为原料制备生物柴油，已成为大的趋势[3]。废油脂其中以地沟油油脂最为劣质，其水分和酸值很高，而且还含有磷脂、醛、酮和聚合物等氧化产物[4]。合成生物柴油油脂原料各指标中以酸值影响最大，因为成熟的工业合成生物柴油工艺一般以NaOH或KOH等均相碱为转酯化催化剂，要