大豆田马唐对10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油的抗药性研究.docVIP

大豆田马唐对10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油的抗药性研究 　　摘要 为了明确大豆田马唐对10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油的抗药性情况，在采集各地马唐种子的基础上，分别采用培养皿种子法和整株生物测定法测定了其对高效氟吡甲禾灵的抗药性水平。试验结果表明：采用培养皿种子法测出的马唐抗性水平略高于整株生物测定法，但整体趋势一致。整株法监测结果表明：采自湖北天门的马唐种群的EC50值为49.201 g/hm2，相对抗性倍数仍然最高的104.23，处于高等抗性水平；湖南湘阴、江西九江、江西彭泽、河北沧州、河北邯郸、河南鹿邑、河南新乡等地的7个马唐种群相对抗性倍数位于10～100之间，处于中等水平抗性；采集自湖南汉寿、湖南安乡的2个马唐种群相对抗性倍数位于3～10之间，处于低水平抗性；采集自湖南桃源的马唐种群相对抗性倍数为1.89，处于敏感阶段。 　　关键词 生物测定；马唐；10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油；抗药性 　　中图分类号 S451.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2015）19-0125-02 　　Abstract In order to determine resisitance level of Digitaria sanguinalis populations in primary soybean planting areas，seed bioassay and whole plant bioassay methods were employed to determine resistance level of Digitaria sanguinalis to 10.8% haloxyfop-R-methyl EC. The results showed that different bioassays may have different resistance level. Resistance level of Digitaria sanguinalis biotypes determined by seed bioassay were a little higher that that determined by whole plant bioassay method.The results of whole plant bioassay showed that EC50 value of Hubei Tianmen biotype was 49.201 g/hm2，and its relative resistance ratio was high level resistance of 104.23. Relative resistance ratio of other 7 biotypes from Xiangyin Hunan，Jiujiang Jiangxi，Pengze Jiangxi，Cangzhou Hebei，Handan Hebei，Luyi Henan and Xinxiang Henan were between 10～100 of medium resistance level. Relative resistance ratio of biotypes from Hunan Hanshou and Hunan Anxiang were between 3～10 of low resistance level.Relative resistance ratio of biotypes from Hunan Taoyuan was 1.89，and it was still sensitive to haloxyfop-R-methyl. 　　Key words bioassay；Beckmannia syzigachne；10.8% quizalofop-R-methyl EC；resistance 　　大豆是我国重要的经济作物之一，种植面积和产量均居全国粮油作物前列，提高大豆单产面积对大豆的发展有重要的意义，而杂草防治显得尤为重要。大豆田杂草发生量大，杂草防除主要依赖化学防治[1-2]。 　　马唐是为害大豆田的主要杂草之一，其环境适应能力强，危害发生蔓延速度快，已经成为大豆田的优势杂草[3]。高效氟吡甲禾灵是一种禾本科杂草茎叶处理剂，因其具有杀草谱广、用量低、对下茬作物安全且在禾本科杂草和双子叶作物间有高度的选择性，而被广泛应用于大豆等阔叶作物田防除禾本科杂草。该药剂是油菜田防治禾本科杂草的主要药剂，由于其常年单一大量使用，在生产中发现高效氟吡甲禾灵对大豆田马唐的防治效果逐年下降[4-5]。为了明确大豆田马唐种群对高效氟吡甲禾灵的抗药性水平，笔者进行了以下试验，以