电气工程及其自动化专业英语精编.ppt

and by use of A/D converters（转换器）, change these analog values to digital form and then send them to the computer. In the event of a fault（系统出现故障时）, the computer can calculate the fault’s current values and characteristics（故障电流的值和特性）, and settings（整定值） can be changed merely by reprogramming（编程）. Computer-based relaying are also capable（有能力的） of locating faults（故障的定位）, which has been one of the most popular features（最受欢迎的特征） in their application. In addition, self-checking features can be built in （可配置自检功能）and sequence of events information （事件顺序信息）can be downloaded to remote （遥远）computers for fast analysis （快速分析）of relaying operations. Computer-based relying system consists of subsystems with well defined functions（功能明确的子系统组成）. Although a specific subsystem （子系统）may be different in some of its details, these subsystems are most likely to be incorporated in its design in some form（以某种形式融合在设计中）. The block diagram in Figure（框图） 13-1 shows the principal subsystems of a computer-based relaying（微机继电保护的基本子系统的原理）. The processor（处理器） is the center of its organization（整个组合）. It is responsible （主管，负责）for the execution of relaying programs（继电保护程序的执行）, maintenance of various timing functions（各定时功能的保持）, and communicating with its peripheral equipment（与外部设备的通讯）. Several types（几种不同类型） of memories（存储器） are shown in Figure 13-1─each of them serves a specific（具体的） need. The Random Access Memory （随机存取存储器）(RAM) holds （保持，储存）the input sample data（输入采样数据） as they are brought in and processed（送入被处理过）. The Read Only Memory （只读存储器 ）(ROM) or Programmable Read Only Memory （可编程只读存储器 ）(PROM) is used to store the programs permanently（永久性程序.）. In some cases （在某些情况下）the programs may execute（ 执行） directly（直接） from the ROM if its read time is short enough. If this is not the case（若不是这样）, the programs must be copied from the ROM into the RAM during an initialization stage（在初始化阶段）, and then the real-time execution （ 实时执行）would take place from the RAM. The Erasable PROM (EPROM)（可擦写电存储器） is needed for st