CentralStimulants.pptVIP

Central Stimulants GAO Fen-Fei Central Stimulants Classification: Cerebral cortex stimulants: caffeine(咖啡因), theophylline(茶碱), theobromine(可可碱) medulla oblongata(延髓) respiratory center stimulants: nikethamide(尼克刹米), dimefline(二甲弗林;回苏灵) spinal cord(脊髓) stimulants: strychnine(士的宁;马钱子) Nikethamide Metabolite is coramine(可拉明). Mechanism of Action: Direct stimulation of respiratory center Reflex stimulation of respiratory center by stimulating chemoceptor of carotid body(颈动脉体). Clinical Use: Central respiratory depression. Effective in treatment central respiratory depression by morphine, but bad effect by barbiturates. Adverse Reaction: Little. Margin of safety is relatively big. Convulsion in high dose. Dimefline Pharmacological Effect: Direct stimulation of respiratory center Improvement of respiration, increasing pulmonary ventilation. Adverse Reaction: Convulsion in high dose. Stimulation of spinal cord(脊髓), cautious when Poisoning by morphine. Lobeline Reflex stimulation of respiratory center by stimulating chemoceptor of carotid body(颈动脉体) and aortic body(主动脉体). Action is transient, convulsion is rare. Treatment of neonatal asphyxia(新生儿窒息), CO poisoning. Cautions Selection is bad, margin of safety is small. Treatment dose is near to the dose of causing convulsion. Action is transient. Repeated administration of drug is easy to cause convulsion. Administration is limited to short-term treatment. Breathing apparatus is used to maintain respiration in clinical. * *