数据库答案ch2ch3.docVIP

Exercise 3.1.1 Answers for this exercise may vary because of different interpretations. Some possible FDs: Social Security number name Area code state Street address, city, state zipcode Possible keys: Social Security number, street address, city, state, area code, phone number Need street address, city, state to uniquely determine location. A person could have multiple addresses. The same is true for phones. These days, a person could have a landline and a cellular phone Exercise 3.1.2 Answers for this exercise may vary because of different interpretations Some possible FDs: ID x-position, y-position, z-position ID x-velocity, y-velocity, z-velocity x-position, y-position, z-position ID Possible keys: ID x-position, y-position, z-position The reason why the positions would be a key is no two molecules can occupy the same point. Exercise 3.1.3a The superkeys are any subset that contains A1. Thus, there are 2 n-1 such subsets, since each of the n-1 attributes A2 through An may independently be chosen in or out. Exercise 3.1.3b The superkeys are any subset that contains A1 or A2. There are 2 n-1 such subsets when considering A1 and the n-1 attributes A2 through An. There are 2 n-2 such subsets when considering A2 and the n-2 attributes A3 through An. We do not count A1 in these subsets because they are already counted in the first group of subsets. The total number of subsets is 2 n-1 + 2 n-2 . Exercise 3.1.3c The superkeys are any subset that contains A1,A2 or A3,A4 . There are 2 n-2 such subsets when considering A1,A2 and the n-2 attributes A3 through An. There are 2 n-2 – 2 n-4 such subsets when considering A3,A4 and attributes A5 through An along with the individual attributes A1 and A2. We get the 2 n-4 term because we have to discard the subsets that contain the key A1,A2 to avoid double counting. The total number of subsets is 2 n-2 + 2 n-2 – 2 n-4 . Exercise 3.1.3d The superkeys are any subset that contains A1,A2 or