解读语法填空用所给词的正确形式填空2010.1.15.docVIP

语法填空中“用所给动词的适当形式填空” 一．2009年高考语法填空题平均分为6.4分(满分为15分),主要错在32、35、36、39和40题。其中,得分率最低的是32题,答对率只有1.2%。错误主要集中在动词的被动语态、非谓语动词、词性转换、介词和从句连接词。由此可见,语法填空题的提高应从以上这几个语法点去突破。 语法填空题分为两种题型,一种是纯空格题,另一种是用所给词的适当形式填空。后一种题型主要涉及动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词性转换等语法考点。　　备考这类试题须注意以下几点: 　　 一分清谓语动词和非谓语动词 　　 　　在语法填空题中,要根据上下文填写所给动词的适当形式,首先要判断它在句中充当谓语还是非谓语。判断的方法是: 　　(1)若句中没有别的谓语动词,所给动词就是谓语动词; 　　(2)若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给的动词就是非谓语动词。如: 　　1. Besides,shopping at this time of the year was not a pleasant experience:people stepped on your feet or___34___(push)you with their elbows(肘部),hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. (2009年广东) 　　2. Being too anxious to help an event develop often___40___(result)in the contrary to our intention. (2008年广东) 　　3. The sun was setting when my car___31___(break) down near a remote and poor village. (2007年广东) 　　4. She wished that he was as easy___32___(please)as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume.(2009年广东) 　　5. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop___32___(help) it grow”, is based on the following story.(2008年广东) 6. While she was getting me___34___(settle)into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to. a small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. (2007年广东) 　　此外,我们可以运用五个基本句式分析确定所填词应该是谓语还是非谓语。句型观察: 　　(1)S+_____ + O. 　　(2)S+V…+conj. + S+ _______. 　　(3)S+ _____+conj. +S+V. 　　以上三种句型主谓结构不完整,横线上应该填谓语,注意时态语态。 　　(4)S +V … conj.(when, while, after…) +_______. 　　(5)S + V + ...(,) ________. 　　以上两种句型主谓结构完整,横线上应该填非谓语,注意形式。 　　 　　二、同时考虑时态和语态 　　 　　一旦确定所给词在句中作谓语,就要根据主语与该动词之间的关系确定是用主动语态还是被动语态;同时,根据语境或特殊的句式结构确定用某种时态。常见的与各类时态连用的时间状语如下: 　　此外,还有几个特殊句型中的时态: 　　1. was /were about to do…when sb did 　　We were about to leave when he arrived. 我们正要离开时,他来了。 　　2. was /were doing when sb did 　　We were walking in the street when I found a wallet on the ground. 我们正在街上走着,突然我发现地上有个钱包。 　　3. 在先行词被形容词最高级修饰的定语从句中,要用完成时。 　　He is the cleverest student I have ever taught. 　　She thoughtthatwasthe best f