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1. RULES FOR EQUATING QUALIFICATIONS AND MARKS 1.1 EQUIVALENCE OF QUALIFICATIONS 1.1.1 General The major principle for equivalence of qualification is to identify the relevant stage in Pak. System by considering the number of schooling years and subjects of a foreign system, if the system does not match with the Pakistani model. British System GCE ‘O’ Level, GCSE, IGCSE and Equivalent: GCE ‘O’ Level is considered equivalent to Secondary School Certificate (SSC) subject to meeting the requirement of Scheme of Studies as under: Pakistan Based Examinations: Eight subjects including Compulsory English, Mathematics, Urdu, Islamiyat, Pakistan Studies and three electives. Overseas Based Examinations: Five subjects including English, Mathematics and three electives. To qualify for Science Group it is necessary to pass Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology/Computer Science. Rest will be placed in General/Arts/Humanities Group. GCE ‘A’ Level and Equivalent: GCE ‘O’ and ‘A’ level are considered equivalent to Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC/Intermediate) subject to meeting the specified requirement for various stream/groups as under: Pre-Medical Group: Eight/five ‘O’ level subjects (including English, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology) and three ‘A’ levels (Physics, Chemistry and Biology) with minimum E Grade. Pre-Engineering Group: Eight/five ‘O’ level subjects (including English, Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics Biology/Computer Studies) and three ‘A’ level subjects (Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics) with minimum E Grade. General Science Group: Eight/five ‘O’ level subjects with three ‘A’ level subjects Humanities Group: Eight/five ‘O’ level subjects including English and Mathematics with three ‘A’ level subjects. All Pakistani nationals appearing for examinations from Pakistan shall have to pass Urdu, Islamiyat, Pakistan Studies and Mathematics along with other required subjects to qualify for equivalence. If a Pakistani/dual