组织胚胎学名词汇总.docVIP

第一章 1.1 Histology is the study of the tissues and of how the tissues are arranged to constitute organs (microscopic anatomy) . 1.2 Embryology is a science that studies the normal development as well as the birth defects of a human being in the maternal uterus. 1.3 Tissue Groups of cells organized to perform one or more specific functions. Classification：Epithelial tissue (Epithelium)；Connective tissue；Muscle tissue；Nerve tissue 1.4 Basophilia: components bonded by basic dye Acidophilia: components bonded by acid dye Metachromasia 异染性: a dye stains tissue a different color from that of dye solution. PAS reaction: for manifesting polysaccharide and proteoglycan(e.g. glycogen). 第二章 Epithelial Tissue 2.1 Characteristics of Epithelium a. many cells and small amount of matrix b. morphologic polarity c. A-vascular d. rich nervous endings e. derived from all embryonic layers Functions of Epithelium Protection Secretion Absorption吸收 Sensation Types of Epithelia Covering epithelia Glandular epithelia Sensory epithelia 2.2 Classification of covering epithelia The number of cell layers ---Simple；Stratified The shape of the component cells---Squamous；Cuboidal；Columnar 2.3 Simple squamous epithelium --Endothelium，Mesothelium Major function: Exchange, lubrication润滑, barrier. 2.4 Simple cuboidal epithelium Typical location: thyroid follicle甲状腺滤泡, exocrine glands, kidney tubules, pancreas. Major function: absorption, secretion. 2.5 Simple columnar epithelium Microvillus (striated border纹状缘) Typical location: small intestine, colon, stomach, gall bladder Major function: absorption, secretion goblet cell：mucus-secreting cell positioned among other columnar cells. Mucoprotein + water→mucus（protect and lubricate epithelia surface） 2.6 Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium Typical location: Trachea and bronchial tree, ductus deferens Major function: Secretion, conduit 2.7 Stratified squamous epithelium Typical location: epidermis, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, anal