中学英语常用短语精解 ..docVIP

中学英语常用短语精解 一 1 to get on? 2 to get off? 3 to put on? 4 to take off? 5 to call up 6 to turn on? 7 to turn off? 8 right away? 9 to pick up 10 at once 1. to get on: to enter, board 【说明】to get on 搭乘，上车 动词get的用法很多，常常在后面接用各种不同的介系词或副词而形成意义不同的习语。这里的 on 是介系词，后面的 bus 和 subway 用作它的受词。如果 on 作副词用，则有进步，相处甚好，与年事已长的意思。 【例】 1 I always get on the bus at 34th Street. 我总是在34街搭乘公共汽车。 2 William gets on the subway at the same station every morning. 威廉每天早晨在同一车站搭乘地下火车。 2. to get off: to leave, descend from 【说明】to get off 下车 与上面的 get on 相反。get off? 也有好些其它的意义，如寄出，离开等。下车也可以用 alight from 或 get out of a carriage 或 motor car，不过下电车或公共汽车多用 get off 。 【例】 1 Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street. 海伦在42街下公共汽车。 2 At what station do you usually get off the subway 你通常在那一站下地下火车？ 3. to put on: to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes 【说明】 to put on 穿，戴 特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个成语。英文中还有 wear 和 dress 二字也是穿的意思。可是 wear 是继续的动作，表示穿着的状态，而 put on 是一时的动作。下面两个句子都是错的： I shall wear my overcoat before I go out 应用 put on . In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day （应用 wear）. dress 后面的受词一定是人，如 dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white。Get up and dress quickly.（快点起来穿好衣服。 【例】 1 Mary put on her hat and left the room. 玛丽戴上她的帽子就离开这屋子。 2 Why is John putting on his hat and coat 约翰为什么穿衣戴帽呢？ 4. to take off: to remove-said also of clothes 【说明】to take off 脱去 与 put on 的意义相反，指脱去衣物鞋帽.民可以用 put off，但较不通用。 【例】 1 John took off his hat as he entered the room. 约翰在这屋时脱下他的帽子。 2 Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room 海伦是不是因为室内太暖和而脱去她的外衣呢？ 5. to call up: to telephone 【说明】to call up 打电话给…… 后面一定要有受词，也就是接电话的人。如果受词是代名词的话，常插在 call 与 up 之间。 【例】 1 I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call him up exactly at three oclock. 我昨天忘记打电话给钟斯先生，虽然我答应了在三点钟的时候打电话给他的。 2 Did anyone call me up while I was out 我出去的时候有人打电话来找我吗？ 6. to turn on: to start, begin 【说明】to turn on 扭开，打开 指扭开电灯，电炉，电扇，煤气等的按钮或开关，以及自来水的水龙头等而言。开电灯也可以用 put on the light. 【例】 1 Please turn on