literature in colonial america.doc

John Winthrop Personal experiences: ★ once a lawyer and lord of a manor in England ★ later governor of the Massachusetts Bay group ★ governor or deputy governor (副总督）for the rest of his life Works: ★ Journal (parts were first published in 1790) ★ The History of New England (p.6) (the complete work of Journal, 1826) Writing features: ★ candid simplicity, direct ★ honest, vigorous prose style Puritan thoughts Puritanism:?? A dominant factor in American life?? one of the most enduring shaping influences?in American thought and American literature Doctrines: 1. to restore simplicity to church services and the authority of the Bible to theology (p.8) 2. oppose to pleasure and the arts (exaggerated), disciplined and hard life (P.9) 3. emphasize the image of a wrathful God and forget his mercy (P.9) 4. accept predestination, original sin, total depravity, and limited atonement John Cotton Personal experiences:?? ★ the first major intellectual spokesman of the?Massachusetts Bay? ★ orthodox puritan? ★ oppose the cause of conscience?support religious persecution? ★ wrote several books of hard-hitting Puritan argument Roger Williams Personal experiences:?? ★ one of the greatest Puritan dissenters in the early? days of Puritan Theocracy(神权政治）in New England ★ came to America in 1630 to preach for civil and?? religious liberty and against the Puritan oligarchy (寡头政治） ★　call for democratic government, call for “civil right”,? insist that the government can only function with the approval of the people ★ oppose to the eviction of the Indians from their ancestral properties ★ was banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635 ★ was regarded as “the first rebel against the divine church order in the wilderness Works: ★ The Bloody Tenet (was ordered to be burned) ★ A Key into the Language of America Anne Bradstreet Personal introduction: ★ a Puritan poet ★ wrote “ ponderous verses of interminable（无限的，冗长的）,? inter-locking （联