Web technology_chapter5.ppt

Chapter 5 The Basic of Perl Introduction Perl is widely used for Common Gateway Interface (CGI) programming Perl is useful in other contexts, so is a worthwhile additions to a programmers toolbox 5.1 Origins and Uses of Perl Originally intended to combine and extend the processing functions of several Unix utilities including awk, sed, grep and sh Developed by Larray Wall Perl’s pattern matching ideas have been used in other languages and libraries Perl’s pattern matching extends ideas used in some of the Unix utilities Perl is compiled to intermediate code, a virtual machine language, which is then interpreted Origins and Uses of Perl Perl是Practical Extraction and Report Language的缩写，它是由Larry Wall设计的，并由他不断更新和维护，用于在UNIX环境下编程。 Perl 最初的设计者为拉里·沃尔（Larry Wall），他于1987年12月18日发表。Perl借取了C、sed、awk、shell scripting以及很多其他程序语言的特性。`其中最重要的特性是它内部集成了正则表达式的功能，以及巨大的第三方代码库CPAN。 ?? Origins and Uses of Perl Origins and Uses of Perl Perl 是一种能完成任务的语言。从一开始，Perl 就设计成可以把简单工作简单化，同时又不失去处理困难问题能力的语言。 它可以很容易操作数字，文本，文件和目录，计算机和网络，特别是程序的语言。 Perl很容易运行外部的程序并且扫描这些程序的输出获取感兴趣的东西。而且它还应该很容易能把这些你感兴趣的东西交给其它程序做特殊的处理。 Perl很容易在任何现代的操作系统上可以移植地编译和运行。 5.2 Scalars and Their Operations Perl has three categories of variables/values: scalars, arrays, hashes Variables for each category are distinguished by the first symbol in the variable name $ for scalar @ for array % for hash Scalars come in three kinds: numbers, character strings and references Numbers are stored internally as double-precision floating point Note that strings are considered scalars in Perl 5.2 Numeric Literals Integer literals are a string of digits Integer literals can be written in hexademical, base 16, beginning the number with 0x or 0X Floating-point literals have either decimal point or exponent or both 5.2 Numeric Literals Integer literals are a string of digits Integer literals can be written in hexademical, base 16, beginning the number with 0x or 0X Floating-point literals have either decimal point