宁夏固原城乡饮水水源工程受水区林地生态环境需水量研究.docVIP

宁夏固原城乡饮水水源工程受水区林地生态环境需水量研究 　　摘要：对固原城乡饮水水源工程受水区降雨消耗性林地及径流消耗性林地生态环境需水量进行研究，首次采用桑斯维特模型和彭曼-蒙特斯模型同时计算生态环境需水定额，并对两种模型计算结果进行了对比评价，认为彭曼-蒙特斯模型是综合了各种气象因素以及地理位置因素的计算方法，结果更具合理性，而桑斯维特法对于夏季林地潜在蒸散量的计算结果与彭曼-蒙特斯结果接近，在资料缺乏地区的夏季植被潜在蒸散量的计算中可采用该法。通过对受水区林地生态环境需水量的研究计算及降雨资源平衡分析，认为位于中部干旱带的海原县以及位于南部山区降雨稀少的西吉县降水消耗性林地的最小和适宜生态环境需水量均不能得到满足；而位于南部山区降雨相对较丰富的彭阳和原州区各类林地最小生态环境需水量均能得到满足，而适宜生态环境需水量均不能得到满足。各县区径流消耗性人工林地需水依靠降雨不能得到满足，均需人工配水。 　　关键词：受水区；林地植被；生态环境需水 　　中图分类号：TV213.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）01-0063-05 　　Eco-Environmental Water Demand of Woodland in Reception Basin of Urban and Rural Drinking Water Source Engineering of Guyuan，Ningxia Province 　　LI Jin-yan，ZHANG Wei-jiang 　　（School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering/Engineering Technique Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation and Water Resources in Ningxia，Yinchuan 750021， China） 　　Abstract： Based on studies of ecological water demand of rainfall attrition woodland and artificial forest land in urban and rural water engineering reception basin of Guyuan， basis for ecological restoration and reasonable utilization of water resources was provided. Firstly using Thornthwaite model and Penman-Montieth model to calculate the eco-environmental water requirement quota， and the two kinds of model calculation results were compared. Results showed that Penman-Montieth model was more rational because it integrated all sorts of meteorological factors and the geographical position factors. Through the rainfall resource equilibrium analysis， results showed that minimum and suitable ecological water demand could not be satisfied for precipitation attrition woodland relied on natural precipitation in Haiyuan county located in the central arid zone and Xiji county in the southern part of the mountain area. All kinds of forest land minimum ecological water demand can be satisfied and appropriate ecological environmental water demand was not being met Pengyang and Yuanzhou county located in the southern mountainous area. Runoff attrition artifi