必修四unit3和unit4grammar之现在分词做表语-定语-宾补和状语.ppt

We can see five kids running towards us in the picture. 2.现在分词作宾语补足语时，也常和表示使役的动词keep, get, leave, set have，等动词后与一个名词（代词）构成复合宾语，表示，“使……一直处于某种状态”.区别：但let /make sb do sth I’m sorry to have_________________ for so long. 1.不好意思让你等这么久。(keep) 2.他父亲不让他抽烟。(let) His father do not ______________. kept you waiting let him smoke 3.ing 与to do 及ed做宾补的区别 -ed着重动作完成，表明动作的结果，它与宾语之间是被动的逻辑主谓关系 (to )do强调动作的结果，完成或一次性动作 . 1. I saw Bob beating the boy. 3. I saw the boy beaten by Bob. 2. I saw Bob beat the boy. ing 着重动作的过程，正在进行或反复的动作 (我看见Bob正在打这个男孩) (我看见Bob打这个男孩) (我看见这个男孩被Bob打) 定义：说明事物发生的时间，原因，条件，方式或伴随，地点，结果，让步，程度等情况的词叫做状语。 状语可以由副词，短语以及从句来担任。 Because I catch a cold, I don’t feel like going school tomorrow. V-ing 作状语 的用法 即：V-ing短语在句子中作状语，可以表示时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，方式或伴随动作等。 用作状语的动词-ing 形式， 此时可叫做“现在分词”。 1). Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai. 2). Having turned off the TV set, he began to go over Chinese. 时间 When they heard the news, 时间 After he had turned off the TV set, 1.作时间状语, 相当于时间状语从句。 常用引导词：when, while, as ,once, since, before, after, till, until, as soon as 等 。 1). Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. 2). Not knowing how to get there, I had to ask the way.. 原因 Because/Since he was ill, 原因 As I did not know how to get there， 2. 作原因状语， 相当于原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as? Working hard at your lessons, you’ll surely succeed. 条件 If you work hard at your lesson， 3. 作条件状语， 相当于条件状语从句 ?条件状语从句?常用引导词：if, unless, 4.1). She stood there waiting for Tom. 2). He came running back to tell me the news. 伴随 = She stood there and waited for Tom. 方式 4. 作方式状语或伴随状语， 相当于并列句“and”. = He came and ran back to tell me the news. 5. Having failed for many times, they still didn’t give up. 让步 Although they had failed for many times, 常用引导词：although ,though 等。 5. 作让步状语,相当于让步状从。 6. The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 结果 so his head stroked against the door and cut. “所以” 常用引导词：so , so that