医学词汇复习提纲(Chapter4-7).docVIP

医学词汇复习提纲 （Chapter 4-7） Chapter Four Word formation of Medical Terms Seven types of word formation affixation composition conversion blending backformation clipping acronym Affixation semantically oriented add new meaning without changing the part of speech autograft 自体（身）移植物 auto- self graft: Material, especially living tissue or an organ, surgically attached to or inserted into a bodily part to replace a damaged part or compensate for a defect Isograft 同系移植物,同基因移植物(identical twinsiso- equal; uniformisoantibodyisoantigenisoconcentrationisotonic allograft（同种）异体移植物,异基因移植=homograft allo- Other; differentallogenous异源的,异生的 allosome异染色体,异形染色体 xenograft 异种移植物 = heterograft xeno- strange; foreign; differentxenophobiaxenophthalmia异物性眼炎 Intracranialintra- within antiallergenic anti- against 、allergenic 引起过敏的antineoplastic // neoplastic ,瘤形成的 Restenosis re- again, backStenosis: A constriction or narrowing of a duct or passage; a stricture asymptomatic a- withoutsymptomatic: pertaining to symptom Nondiabetic // non- not hyperlipidemia hyper- more than normal or necessary lipid- lipid, fat(h)em- blood-ia abnormal condition heterogeneous hetero- other; differentgeneous: of kind or type suffixation basically class-changing change the part of speech immune immunityimmunize immunization eradication specificitysensitivity suckling (suck + -ling: One that is young, small, or inferior) = A young mammal that has not been weaned Patterns of affixation prefix + rootinject in- (into) + jec(t)- (to throw) put material into a particular location, often using a syringe prefix + combining vowel + root Ectoderm the outer laver of the embryoect- (outside) + derm- (skin)Cf. Mesoderm; endoderm root +suffix stasis sta- ( to stand) + -sis (a condition of), slowing of fluid movement, such as the blood circulation root + combining vowel + suffix sclerosisscler- ( to harden) + -sis ( a condition of), hardening or stiffening