教育教学中华文化经典传说.doc

中华文化经典传说 （为美国网站About China翻译） [女娲] 中国古代神话中人类的始租。传说她炼五色石补天，断鳖足以支撑四极，平治洪水，驱杀猛兽，使人民得以安居。又传说她曾抟黄土造人，与伏羲由兄妹而结成夫妇，繁衍了人类。因而后世奉她为司婚姻生殖之神，专管男女结合之事。文化史家认为她是女性生殖路崇拜时代产生的神，是女阴的象征。《淮南子·览男训》：“往古之时，四极废，九州裂，天不兼覆，地不 周栽，火粥践而不灭，水治洋而不息。猛兽食颐民，镑鸟攫老弱。于是女娲炼五色石以补苍天，断鳖足以立四极，杀黑龙以挤冀州，积芦灰以止淫水。” 《太平御览》卷七八引汉应劭《风俗通》：“俗说天地开辟，未有人民，女娲抟黄土作人，剧务，力不暇供，乃引絙于泥中，举以为人。” 女娲祷祠神，祈而为女媒，固置昏姻。以其载媒，足以后世有国，是招为皋禖之神。”唐李冗《独异志，卷三》：“普宇宙初开之时，有女娲兄妹二人，在昆仑山，而天下未有人民。议以为夫妻，又自羞耻。兄即与其妹上昆仑山，咒曰：‘天若遣我二人为夫妻，而烟悉合；若不，使烟放。’于烟即合。其妹即来就兄，乃结草为扇，以障其面。今时取妇执扇，象其事也。”参阅龚维英《原始崇拜纲婴》。 [Nuwa] The ancestor of mankind in the mythology of ancient China. As legendary goes, she tempered the five-colored stone to mend the Heaven, cut off the feet of the great turtle to support the four poles of Heaven, controlled the flood, and drove away fierce beasts so as to let the people live in peace. Another legend says, she made persons with yellow clay, and married Fuxi, turning a relationship of brother and sister into a marriage, and multiplying mankind. Thus, later generations adored her as a goddess of marriage and reproduction, specially in charge of matters of copulation between men and women. Learners of cultural history regard her as a goddess that came into being in the era of worship of the female genital organ, and as a symbol of the vulva. Chapter of Lanming, Huainanzi, says, “In remote antiquity, the four poles of the Universe collapsed, and the world got into a chaos: the firmament was no longer able to cover everything and the earth was no longer able to support everything, either; fire ran wild everywhere without stop, and flood overflowed out of control. Fierce beasts ate common people and ferocious birds attacked the old and the weak. Hence, Nuwa tempered the five-colored stone to mend the Heaven, cut off the feet of the great turtle to support the four poles, killed the black dragon to help the earth, and gather the ash of reed to stop the flood. ” According to Volume 78, Customs by Yingshao of the Han Dynasty, of Taiping Yulan, a set o