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An Investigation on the Use of Dough Figures in Naxi Dongba Rituals.doc
An Investigation on the Use of Dough Figures in Naxi Dongba Rituals
（Department of Arts， Lijiang Normal College， Lijiang， 674100， Yunnan， China）
JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY， VOL. 6， NO.4， 66-70， 2015 （CN51-1731/C， in Chinese）
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-9391.2015.04.09
Abstract：
Dongba rituals are one of the important expressions of Naxi polytheistic worship， and they reflect the Naxi ancestors view of animism. Relying on a large number of manuscripts written using Dongba pictographs which contain the content and procedure of Dongba rituals， a complete religious ritual system has been formed. Among the large number of Dongba ancient manuscripts， there are many descriptions of the dough figures depicting deities， ghosts and animals， the materials for making them， and the way to use them in the rituals. This shows clearly that the dough figures， a traditional style of art， are very popular in Dongba rituals. Because the materials for making the dough figures used in Dongba rituals are mostly fried wheat flour， buckwheat flour and highland barley flour， they are called as “haxi duoma” by the local people， meaning “dough figures of deities and ghosts made of grain”.
Due to social and historical reasons， the transmission of Dongba culture was interrupted for a while， and Dongba culture suffered a severe blow. As a result， various Dongba rituals which embodied the Dongba cultural arts gradually disappeared from the social life of the local people. Since the 1980s， work to restore Dongba culture started in full swing; the protection， inheritance and research of Dongba culture recovered; and the Dongba cultural arts have been given a new vitality. Various areas have conducted Dongba culture transmission work through opening cultural inheritance schools or the old Dongbas accepting apprentices. Meanwhile， in some areas， where the foundation of Dongba culture is relatively good， for instance， Shuming of Tacheng township， Xinzhu of Ludian township， Wumu of Baosha
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