供应链管理_第版_Unit10_习题与答案.docVIP

Chapter 10 Managing Economies of Scale in the Supply Chain: Cycle Inventory True/False A lot or batch size is the quantity that a stage of the supply chain either produces or purchases at a given time. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate Cycle inventory is the physical inventory in the supply chain due to either production or purchases demanded by the customer. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate When demand is steady, cycle inventory and lot size are related as follows: Cycle Inventory = Lot Size x 2 = Q*2. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate Cycle inventory is primarily held to take advantage of economies of scale and reduce profit within the supply chain. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Increasing the lot size or cycle inventory often decreases the cost incurred by different stages of a supply chain. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate The total annual cost is the sum of annual material cost, annual order cost, and annual holding cost, and is given as TC = CD + (D/Q)S + (Q/2)hC. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate The optimal lot size is referred to as the economic order quantity (EOQ). It is denoted by Q * and is given by the equation: Q* = (2DS/hC. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate Total ordering and holding costs are unstable around the economic order quantity. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate To reduce the optimal lot size by a factor of k, the fixed order cost S must be reduced by a factor of k. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate Aggregating across products, retailers, or suppliers in a single order allows for a reduction in lot size for individual products because fixed ordering and transportation costs are now spread across multiple products, retailers, or suppliers. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate A key to reducing cycle inventory is the reduction of lot size. Answer: True Difficulty: Easy A key to reducing lot size without increasing costs is to reduce the holding cost associated with each lot. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate