高中英语 3M2U1现在完成时，现在完成进行时 牛津版必修2.docVIP

Present perfect Tense 现在完成时三【现在完成时用法小结】1、现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。?? 如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等，? 但可以和never, ever, already, yet, just, for…, since…等连用。?? *Have? you finished your work yet? 你已经完成你的工作了吗？?? *have never heard that before． 过去，我从未听说过那件事2、be的现在完成时态。 1）表状态，从过去开始一直持续到现在，要与表示一段时间的状语连用。 * There has been a factory near No．16 Middle School for several years． 16中学附近有家工厂，已经有几年了。 2)表示某人刚从某地回来。 — Where have you been? 你到哪里去了？ — I have been to the library． 我到图书馆去了。 Have you ever been to West Hill Farm? 你曾到过西山农场吗？ 但是“have/ has gone (to) +地点”则表示已去了某地,不在说话者所在的地方。 —— Where is Kate? 凯特在哪里？ —— She has gone to Beijing with her father．3.瞬间动词：也叫短暂性动词或中止性动词，是指动作的开始也就是动作的结束，所以不能跟表示一段时间的连用。这类词有：buy, sell, begin, start, leave, come, go, borrow, lend, return, die, join等。正：The train has been away for half an hour． 正：The train left half an hour ago．正：It has been half an hour since the train left． 正：It is half an hour since the train left． 正：Half an hour has passed since the train left．四、【have been 和 have gone 的用法】 1. have been (去过)和have gone (去了)的区别：??? He has been to HK.?? (He was there once,but he is not there now)??? 他已经去过香港了。? ??? He has gone to HK. (He is there or is on his way there.)??? 他去香港了。 2. “have been + to 地点” （这句型很常用。）? 意思是“曾经到过某地（多少次）”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用。如：Miss Brown has just been to Japan twice. ???? 布朗小姐就到日本去过两次。?? ? He has ever/never been here before. ??? 他以前 曾经到/ 从来没有到 过这?-- Have you （ever）been to the Great Wall? ? ??? 你去（曾经）过长城吗？?--How long have you been there? ? 你在那里待了多久？3. “have gone + to 地点”，?? 表示“到了某地或正在去某地的途中”。说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：—Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里？???? —He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。4. “have been in + 地点”? ?? 意思是“在某地呆过（多久）”，常与表示一段时间since 或for 连用。?? 如： Mr Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. ?? 布朗先生来上海已经三天了。?? I have been here since I began to work. 我工作以来一直呆在这儿。5.提 ?示：在否定句或疑问句时通常要把some, already分别改为any, yet。五、【常与完成时连用的副词和短语】1、表频度的：ever—ne