高考英语非谓语动考点扫描.docVIP

一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别 从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成)；从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也表被动(不定式的被动式在表被动的同时还兼表未来，现在分词的被动式表被动的同时还兼表进行)。如： 1.?I send you 100 dollars today, the rest?_________?in a year. (湖南卷) A.?follows??????????????????????????????????B.?followed???? C.?to follow????????????????????????????????D.?being followed 分析：答案选?C。动词不定式表示未来的动作。 2.?_________from other continents for millions of years,?Australia?has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (湖北卷) A.?Being separated???????????????????????B.?Having separated?????? C.?Having been separated??????????????D.?To be separated 分析：答案选?C。因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用现在分词的完成被动式作原因状语。 二、考查非谓语动词的主动式与被动式 结合句子意思，考察非谓语动词与相应逻辑主语的关系，若为主动关系，用主动式；若为被动关系，用被动式。此时要特别注意，过去分词没有相应的被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动。如： 1.?The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well_________. (湖北卷) A.?to spend???????????????????????????????????B.?spent??????????????? C.?being spent???????????????????????????????D.?spending 分析：答案选B。因money与spend是被动关系，所以用过去分词。 2.?The prize of the game show is＄30000 and an all expenses?_________?vacation to China. (北京卷) A.?paying??????????????????????????????????????B.?paid???????????????? C.?to be paid?????????????????????????????????D.?being paid 分析：答案选B。因all expenses与pay是被动关系，故用过去分词。注意句中的an?不是修饰?expenses，而是修饰vacation。 3.?When?_________help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.” (福建卷) A.?offering????????????????????????????????????B.?to offer???????????? C.?to be offered?????????????????????????????D.?offered 分析：答案选?D。因一个人说“谢谢”，应当是他被提供了帮助，所以要用过去分词，When offered help… =When he is offered help… 三、考查非谓语动词完成式的用法 非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和现在分词)的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。做题时要注意根据题干所提供的语境来推断这种先后关系。如： 1.?The storm left,?_________a lot of damage to this area. (全国卷I) A.?caused??????????????????????????????????????B.?to have caused?? C.?to cause????????????????????????????????????D.?having caused 分析：答案选D。因The storm与cause是主动关系，排除选项A；不定式作状语，前面通常不用逗号，