農業金融講義.pptVIP

第十四章 保險 Insurance for Farmers Principles of Insurance pooling of risks ---- pooling of enough small unpredictable risks so that annual losses for the combined group become statistically predictable the law of large numbers ---- actual results tend to equal expected results as the number of cases increases Insurable risks --- the probability of its occurrence can be predicted and the cost of the event to the insured party an be determined. some are difficult to predict, such as drought -- natural hazards -- personal hazard Price fluctuations is not insurable 保險種類 properly (產物) crop (作物) liability (責任) life (人壽) --- Term life insurance --- permanent life insurance health (健康) social (社會) --- social security, unemployment Insurance, workers compensate 第十五章 Retirement Planning Investment 略 第十六章 Estate Planning Farm Ownership Transfer 略 第十二章 Credit Instruments Legal 略 第十七章  Financial Markets and Policy ?廣義的金融市場：運用各種金融工具的所有交易行為 這些工具包括： currency, bank deposits, change accounts, loans, mortgages, bonds, stocks. 不同的金融工具有各種不同的市場：stocks, bonds, commercial paper (unsecured short-term promissory notes generally issued by large, well-known firms), bank certificates of deposit, and various types of securities of the government. debt issues (such as bonds) equity issues (such as stocks) money market 貨幣市場 -- 一年以下到期的短期信用工具 capital market 資本市場 -- 一年以上 ?金融市場的功能 一、資本轉移 -- 供給者 → 使用者 二、資本分配 -- 使用者間的合理分配 The allocation will be optimized when the marginal productivity of funds is equal for all uses ?金融中介機構 Financial Intermediaries 資金 資本供給者 金融中介者 資本使用者 證券 資產：放款及政府證券投資 負債：對存款