9勘查地球化学讲义7样品分析2.ppt

* * 评价性：评价分析方法、分析仪器、操作人员的业务能力等 溯源性：把化学测量溯源到国家标准 保证性：在长期质量控制中起保证作用 * * 方法误差：重量法中沉淀不完全、共沉淀等 仪器误差：天平砝码磨损、光度计的波长偏移等 系统误差可以是方法的、仪器的、个人的 随机误差也可以是方法的、仪器的、个人的 * 当有随机误差存在时，通常可以判断出，数据在真值的两边波动。系统误差存在时，与真值比较，测量值在真值的一边或呈周期变化。 * * Quality control and quality assurance play the central role in ensuring the reliability of analytical results. These two terms are often used together, and their meaning is somewhat blurred. Quality control refers to active measures taken to ensure the accuracy and precision of analytical results. Quality control is usually based on a written standard operating procedure that sp