浅析“数形结合思想在高考解题中的应用.doc

中文提要 数形结合是数学解题的重要方法之一，在各类大型的考试尤其是中高考中都起着举足轻重的作用。在解题中应用“数形结合”思想，可以使复杂的问题简单化，抽象的问题具体化，从而简化解答过程。本论文主要研究的是数形结合在高考数学解题中的应用并对利用数形结合解题的题型进行了分类解析，总体上本文从高中数学的主干知识2008年考试为依据”思想在解题中的应用： （1）利用数形结合解决集合问题 （2）利用数形结合解决函数（也包括三角函数）问题 （3）利用数形结合解决不等式和线性规划问题 （4）利用数形结合解决解析几何问题 （5）利用数形结合解决立体几何问题 关键词： 高考数学解题 数形结合 Abstract The combination of algebra and geometry is one of the important ways in mathematical problem solving, it plays a pivotal role in various large scale, especially in the college entrance examinations. In problem solving, using the combination of algebra and geometry, you can simplify complex issues and make abstract question be specific question, Thus simplifying the process to answer. This paper is a study about the application of combination of algebra and geometry in the college entrance examination mathematical problem solving by classified analysis. on the whole, this article starts from the backbone and the Core Knowledge of high school mathematics , based on 2008 Examination Syllabus, mainly combines the national college entrance examination and the new curriculum of mathematics examination papers (science)in 2008. With the typical questions, it will analyze the application of combination of algebra and geometry from the following respects: （1）Using the combination of algebra and geometry to solve taggregate problem （2）Using the combination of algebra and geometry to solve functions (including trigonometric functions) problem （3）Using the combination of algebra and geometry to solve inequalities and linear programming problem （4）Using the combination of algebra and geometry to solve analytic geometry problem （5）Using the combination of algebra and geometry to solve three-dimensional geometric problem Key words: combination of algebra and geometry mathematical problem solving 一、 关于“数形结合”思想 1、“数形结合”思想的历史 “数形结合”由来已久，早在数学被抽象、分离为一门学科之前，人们在生活中，度量长度、面积和体积时，就已经把数和形结合起来了。在宋元时期，我国古代数学家系统地引进了几何问题代数化的方法，用代数式描述某些几何特征，把图形中的几何关系描