矮牵牛在园林绿中的应用.docVIP

目录 1矮牵牛的生物学及生态学特性特性············································1 2矮牵牛的品种选择··························································1 3矮牵牛的露地栽培技术······················································2 3.1栽培地点的选择··························································2 3.2栽培土质的选择···························································2 3.3栽植····································································2 4矮牵牛的田间管理··························································2 4.1养分管理································································3 4.2水分管理································································3 4.3修剪····································································3 4.4病虫害防治·······························································4 5矮牵牛在园林绿化中的应用··················································8 6结语······································································9 参考文献···································································10 致　谢·····································································11 矮牵牛的露地栽培及其在 园林绿化中的应用 摘要 矮牵牛花大色艳、花期长、抗逆性强、易栽培、易管理等优点，近几年园林绿化中广泛运用的主要花卉之一，从矮牵牛的品种选择以及露地栽培技术及其矮牵牛的田间防治和在园林绿化中的应用，矮牵牛具有更广的应用前景。 关键词 矮牵牛 品种 栽培管理 病虫害防治 应用 矮牵牛别名碧冬茄、灵芝牡丹、、洋牡丹、毽子花、番薯花、矮喇叭。矮牵牛属于茄科碧冬茄属或矮牵牛属。矮牵牛原产于南美洲，在我国各地均有栽培。西宁地处青海东部，地理坐标为北纬36°34′3″东经101°49′17″地势由北向南倾斜，西北高，东南低，东西狭长，形似一叶扁舟。西宁市境内最高海拔4394，市区中心海拔2275。属大陆性高原半干旱气候。其特点是：气压低、日照长，雨水少，蒸发量大，太阳辐射强，日夜温差大，无霜期短，冰冻期长，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，圆形病斑，淡黄色，上有轮纹，斑增多，叶片枯萎脱落。西宁地处青海东部，地理坐标为北纬36°34′3″东经101°49′17″地势由北向南倾斜，西北高，东南低，东西狭长，形似一叶扁舟。西宁市境内最高海拔4394，市区中心海拔2275。属大陆性高原半干旱气候。其特点是：气压低、日照长，雨水少，蒸发量大，太阳辐射强，日夜温差大，无霜期短，冰冻期长，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑， 矮牵牛就愈容易栽培成功，矮牵牛的花色泽也更加艳丽。为了日后管理节约人力和满足矮牵牛不断开花对肥力的需要，栽植前必须施足基肥。因绿化地都是公共场所，所以基肥尽量不要选择发臭的农家肥，应该选择用发酵过的鸡粪，厩肥等有机肥料做基肥。由于矮牵牛开花期长，对养分的消耗量较大。在矮牵牛的整个开花期，还应该继续增添营养，每月可追施氮磷钾结合的复合肥1次～2次，开过几次花后，就很难再继续开花了。由于矮牵牛萌发力强，在栽植是不应该过密，间距一般为25.0cm～30.0cm，以免后期过密，造成枝条倒伏或过细。矮牵牛在夏季高温多湿条件下，植株易倒伏，注意修剪整枝，摘除残花，达到花期叶茂。 矮牵牛栽植时各时期需水量不同。西宁市海拔高，气候干燥，所以矮牵牛在刚刚栽植完毕后要充分供水，使其能够及早萌芽展叶，保证绿化景观效果。栽植初期每周