华南农业大学有化学课件 第十一章 醛和酮.docVIP

第十一章 醛和酮 1. 命名下列化合物： （1）环戊二烯酮 （2）4-甲基-4’-氯代二苯甲酮 （3）6-氧代-2-庚烯醛 （4）2，4-戊二烯醛 （5）4-羟基-2-氯苯甲醛 （6）对甲基苯丙酮 2. 完成下列反应式： 3. 用化学方法鉴别下列化合物。 （注：Fehling试剂能氧化脂肪醛，不能氧化芳香醛） 4. A的可能结构为： 7．在一溴代物中，因溴的吸电子性，使α-H的酸性增强，所以它比未溴代的酮更容易发生溴代反应。 8．顺反异构体在碱作用下通过烯醇负离子形式相互转化。两个烷基都在e键上的构象较稳定。顺-2，4-产物和反-2，5-产物中的两个烷基都在e键上。 cis-2，4- trans-2，5- （2）若要得到A，用Meerwein-Ponndorf还原；若要得到B，用控制催化氢化还原；若要得到C，用彻底催化氢化。 （3）合成原料异丙叉丙酮时，可以丙酮为原料在碱催化下，用索氏提取器不断除去生成的水，使平衡向右移动，提高产率： 10. 试写出下列反应可能的机理： 11. 完成下列转化： 12. 以苯、甲苯、环己醇及四个碳以下的有机物为原料合成下列化合物： 13. 可能的合成途径为： international, Unicom international market, adapted future people on city of development needs, based Yu industry support, and traffic advantage, and Yangtze River culture, and ecological civilization, advantage, established city development target: radiation absorb Yangtze River upstream chuan Yunnan Guizhou of regional center, and international ecological landscape culture city. 2.3.2 economic development in Yibin city, goal 2020 GDP reached 300 billion yuan, the per capita GDP reached 58000 2030 regional GDP reached 800 billion yuan, the per capita GDP reached 138000. 2020 industrial structure adjustment in Yibin city as 9:56:35; 2030 industrial structure adjustment for the 6:47:47. Industrial output by 2020 of 510 billion yuan in 2030 and reach 1.2 trillion yuan. 2.4 of the urban population and land size 2.4.1 Yibin city, population size according to the different forecasting methods and the size of population environmental capacity check, the downtown main future population projections for the year are as follows: downtown main future population projections for the year unit: million forecast methods, 2020, 2030, balancing method for 130-150 table 2.4-1 170-190 ultra high speed development of relationship between economic and labour law development of 150 210 140 180 General develop 130 1.7 million people, resources and environment capacity check land population carrying capacity--280 water resources and population capacity-does not constitute a binding compre