第三讲 MATAB的符号运算.docVIP

第三讲 MATLAB的符号运算 —— matlab 不仅具有数值运算功能，还开发了在matlab环境下实现符号计算的工具包Symbolic Math Toolbox 符号运算的功能 符号表达式、符号矩阵的创建 符号线性代数 因式分解、展开和简化 符号代数方程求解 符号微积分 符号微分方程 一、创建符号变量 什么是符号运算 与数值运算的区别 ※ 数值运算中必须先对变量赋值，然后才能参与运算。 　 ※ 符号运算无须事先对独立变量赋值，运算结果以标准的符号形式表达。 特点： ① 运算对象可以是没赋值的符号变量 ② 可以获得任意精度的解 Symbolic Math Toolbox——符号运算工具包通过调用Maple软件实现符号计算的。 maple软件——主要功能是符号运算，它占据符号软件的主导地位。 2. Sym函数定义符号变量 S=sym(arg) Construct symbolic numbers, variables and objects. S = SYM(A) constructs an object S, of class sym, from A. If the input argument is a string, the result is a symbolic number or variable. If the input argument is a numeric scalar or matrix, the result is a symbolic representation of the given numeric values x = sym(x) creates the symbolic variable with name x and stores the result in x. x = sym(x,real) also assumes that x is real, so that conj(x) is equal to x. alpha = sym(alpha) and r = sym ( Rho‘ , real) are other examples. Similarly, k =sym(k,positive) makes k a positive (real) variable. x = sym(x,unreal) makes x a purely formal variable with no additional properties (i.e., insures that x is NEITHER real NOR positive). See also: SYMS. Statements like pi = sym(pi) and delta = sym(1/10) create symbolic numbers which avoid the floating point approximations inherent in the values of pi and 1/10. The pi created in this way temporarily replaces the built-in numeric function with the same name. S = sym(A,flag) converts a numeric scalar or matrix to symbolic form. The technique for converting floating point numbers is specified by the optional second argument, which may be f, r, e or d. The default is r. f stands for floating point. All values are represented in the form 1.F*2^(e) or -1.F*2^(e) where F is a string of 13 hexadecimal digits and e is an integer. This captures the floating point values exactly, but m