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语法复习(形容与副词的比较级
语法复习(形容词与副词的比较级、冠词的用法) 一、形容词与副词的比较级?
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种
1.规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est tall(高的) great(巨大的) taller greater tallest greatest 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) large(大的) able(有能力的) nicer larger abler nicest largest ablest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er, -est big(大的) hot(热的) bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加?-er,-est easy(容易的) busy(忙的) easier busier easiest busiest 少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er, -est clever(聪明的) narrow(窄的) cleverer narrower cleverestnarrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级。 important(重要的)easily(容易地)? more importantmore easily most important most easily 2.不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ well(健康的) better best bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) worse worst old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 注:
(1)old 有两种比较级和最高级形式:older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder/eldest 只多用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。
My elder brother is an engineer.
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.
(2)far 有两种比较级farther和further。在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中,farther 表示距离,further表示进一步。
I have nothing further to say.?
3.几个常用的基本句型:
▲ as + 形容词或副词原级 + as?
(1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。
He cannot run so/as fast as you.
(2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式:as +adj.+ a/an +n.或as + many/much +n.
This is as good an example as the other is.
I can carry as much paper as you can..
(3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。
This room is twice as big as that one.
Your room is the same size as mine.
(4)倍数+ as + adj. + as= 倍数+ the + n. + of
This bridge is three times as long as that one.
=This bridge is three times the length of that one.
Your room is twice as large as mine.
=Your room is twice the size of mine.?
▲形容词或副词比较级+ than?
You are taller than I.
The lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.
注意:?
(1)要避免重复使用比较级。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.
(对) He is more clever than his brother.
(对) He is clever
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