膜技术分离镍钴方法.doc

学号 6720130482 江西理工大学 用液膜法提取红土镍矿浸出液中的镍和钴 学院：冶金与化学工程学院 专业： 化学工程 指导教师：廖金生 学生姓名: 李洋洋 用液膜法提取红土镍矿浸出液中的镍和钴 【摘要】镍和钴在我国是较贫乏的贵重资源，在电镀和电池方面的应用很广泛。红土镍矿是镍和钴的主要来源，提取很有价值。用盐酸浸出红土镍矿中得到酸浸出液含有锌、铁、铅、铝、铜钴和镍离子。除了镉、钴和镍之外，其他金属通过添加各种试剂和调整溶液的pH值来析出。镉可以通过乳状液膜（ ELM ）的过程分离。其中膜的载体中钴的运输试剂是单(2-乙基己基)-2-乙基己基磷酸酯（PC -88A），可以从这种含有镍和钴酸性浸取液中分离出钴，该方法能最大限度地萃取分离钴。 ELM中PC - 88A作为萃取剂，工业煤油作为稀释剂，ECA 4360J作为表面活性剂，0.5M盐酸溶液作为浸出剂。研究ELM的稳定性和提取钴的最重要的影响因素是酸性浸出液的pH值、搅拌速度、浸出溶液的浓度和种类，萃取剂和表面活性剂的浓度。采用TBP(磷酸三丁酯)-Span80(失水山梨醇单油酸脂)-AOT(2-乙基己基琥珀酸酯磺酸钠)的液膜体系分离镍离子。 【关键词】红土镍矿；液膜萃取 ；分离镍钴 【Abstract】Nickel and cobalt are very scarce and precious resources in our country . They are applied in the batteries and electroplating widely . Laterite nickel ore is the main source of nickel and cobalt,so it is great value to extract . The leaching solution of Laterite nickel ore with hydrochloric acid contains zinc, iron, lead, aluminum , copper, cobalt and nickel ions. In addition to cadmium, cobalt and nickel , the other metals can be precipitated by adding various reagents and adjusting the pH of the solution . Cadmium can be separated by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process . Wherein the cobalt film carrier transport agent is mono (2 - ethylhexyl ) -2 - ethylhexyl ester (PC-88A), which can separate cobalt from the acid leach solution that contains nickel and cobalt . The methods can maximize extract the cobalt . The PC - 88A as the extraction agent, industrial kerosene as diluent , ECA 4360J as a surfactant , 0.5M hydrochloric acid as the leaching agent in the ELM . Studying the stability of the ELM and extraction cobalt the most important factors are the pH of the acidic leach solution , stirring rate , concentration and type of leaching solution , extractant and surfactant concentrations. Using the liquid membrane of TBP ( TBP )-Span80 ( sorbitan monooleate )-AOT (2 - ethylhexyl succinate sulfonate ) separate the nickel . 【Keywords】Laterite nickel ore； liquid membrane extraction；separation nickel and co