十六、直接引语和间接引语.ppt

十六、直接引语和间接引语 【知识清单】 一、定义 直接引述别人的话, 叫直接引语。被引用的部分放在引号里。用自己的话转述别人的话, 叫间接引语, 间接引语不用引号, 在多数情况下是以宾语从句的形式出现。 二、直接引语和间接引语的变化规则 (一)人称的变化: 一随主, 二随宾, 第三人称不更新 Tom asked me, “Are you a teacher? ” →Tom asked me if I was a teacher. 汤姆问我是否是一名老师。 He asked me, “Do you have a computer? ” →He asked me if I had a computer. 他问我是否有计算机。 二随宾 直接引语中的第二人称根据间接引语中的主句的宾语作相应的变化 He said, “We love our country. ” →He said that they love their country. 他说他们热爱他们的国家。 She said to me, “I have left my books in your room. ” →She told me she had left her books in my room. 她对我说她把书落在我屋里了。 一随主 直接引语中的第一人称根据间接引语中的主语作相应的变化 例　句 用　法 Bill said, “She is my elder sister. ” →Bill said that she was his elder sister. 比尔说她是他的姐姐。 The teacher told Mary’s parents, “Mary is a good girl. She is always ready to help others. ” →The teacher told Mary’s parents that Mary was a good girl and she was always ready to help others. 老师告诉玛丽的父母, 玛丽是一个好女孩, 她总是乐于助人。 第三人称不更新 直接引语中的第三人称在间接引语中不发生变化 例　句 用　法 (二)时态的变化 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去将来时 一般将来时 过去进行时 现在进行时 过去完成时 一般过去时 一般过去时 一般现在时 间接引语 直接引语 Tom said, “I usually get up at six. ”→Tom said (that) he usually got up at six. 汤姆说他通常六点起床。 Mike told me, “I walked to school yesterday. ” →Mike told me he had walked to school the day before. 迈克告诉我他昨天步行去上学的。 Nina told me, “Linda is watching TV at home. ” →Nina told me (that) Linda was watching TV at home. 尼娜告诉我琳达正在家看电视。 She said, “I will see you at the same place tomorrow. ” →She said (that) she would see me at the same place the next day. 她说她第二天要在同一个地点见我。 Betty said, “I have worked in this factory for over ten years. ” →Betty said (that) she had worked in that factory for over ten years. 贝蒂说她在那家工厂工作有十多年了。 Bob told me, “I had lived here for years before I moved out. ” →Bob told me that he had lived there for years before he moved out. 鲍勃告诉我他在那儿住了多年才搬走。 (三)指示代词、时间和地点等变化 then that day that night that week the day before the week before three days before the next day the next week now today tonight this week yesterday last week three days a