就目前科技而言,现有之DES密码系统所使用之金钥长度过短.pptVIP

1- Multiplication by x Multiply b(x) with the polynomial x: b7x8+b6x7+b5x6+b4x5+b3x4+b2x3+b1x2+b0x If b7=0, the reduction is identity operation; if b7=1, m(x) must be subtracted (i.e. EXORed). That is, multiplication by x (‘02’) can be implemented by a left shift and a conditional EXOR with’1B’. Example ‘57’ ? ‘13’ =‘FE’ ‘57’ ?’02’=xtime(57)=‘AE’ ‘57’ ?’04’=xtime(AE)=‘47’ ‘57’ ?’08’=xtime(47)=‘8E’ ‘57’ ?’10’=xtime(8E)=‘07’ ‘57’ ? ‘13’ =‘57’?(‘01’?’02’?’10’) = ‘57’?’AE’?’07’=‘FE’ Polynomials with coefficients in GF(28) Two polynomials over GF(28): a(y)=a3y3+a2y2+a1y+a0 b(y)=b3y3