Lecture 2 Molecular Marker Technique.ppt

Several large projects were initiated in trees Association Genetics of Natural Diversity and Complex Traits in Loblolly Pine ($5.8 m). Association Genetics of wood property Traits in Radiata Pine (A$ 6 m). Association studies were also initiated in Douglas-fir and white spruce. Several projects of association genetics with wood property and abiotic stress in China. Currently, poplar biofuels genome project was initiated by DOE and some unis to discovery the SNPs based on the 40000 genes involved in wood formation. SNP genotyping Some results of association genetics in trees In Eucalyptus BTF3 CCR MFA MYB1 COBL2 Pulping yield Branch Top vs Bottom Allelic Expression Imbalance and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay SNP7(A/G) Blocks in the PtoCesA4 Seven Single makers, 3.62- 10.59% 86 SNPs in the PtoCes7 with 4909 bp 12 Haplotypes Some results of association genetics in trees Some results of association genetics in trees In Pine sams-2 cad cad lp3-1 a-tubulin a-tubulin Late and early wood Water Relations d13C has been widely used as an indirect measure of water use efficiency in plants Reported against a carbon standard (Pee Dee Belemnite) Plants discriminate against 13C and show a lower 13C to 12C ratio compared to atmospheric CO2 Rp is the 13C:12C ratio in the plant tissue Rs is the 13C:12C ratio of the standard Time-integrated measure Larger negative value indicates greater discrimination against 13C SNPs markers are in linkage disequilibrium and can be used for family selection A1 A2 A1 A2 B1 B2 B1 B2 A Q1 T Q2 Q2 Q1 G C A G T C QTL Genotype Q1Q1 Q1Q2 Q2Q2 Phenotypic Value Tree 1 - Discovery Tree 2 - Application x x Future prospects of LD in trees With the complete genomic sequences of Populus, Eucalyptus, and many ESTs database are available in forest trees, the large-scale SNPs discovery can be carried out in the near future. Future prospects of LD in trees Concurrent with the high-throughput genotypin