Biomorphic Computing.pptVIP

Biomorphic Computing Professor: Bill Tomlinson Tuesday 2:00-4:50pm Winter 2004 CS 189 Week 2: Genetic Algorithms News Last Week’s assignment Natural Evolution Synthetic Evolution ( Sims reading) Assignment 2 Lab Time Go over Game of Life assignment Problems? Go over Sims reading fixed-length bit strings vs. lisp expressions parameter spaces mutating and mating symbolic expressions Natural Evolution Descent with modification The central process by which the abundance of life forms have come to exist. Linnaean Classification Carolus Linnaeus, 1707-1787 Initially based on visible, behavioral and other obvious characteristics. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (pick your favorite mnemonic device) Defining the species How do you tell whether two things are from the same species? Defining the species Reproductive isolation (produce viable offspring) Morphological similarity Genetic similarity Ecological similarity Questioning the species concept… DNA studies are calling some of these classifications into question. Organisms that reproduce asexually - self-cloning bacteria Ring species Species over time Based on human decisions about classification A conceptually useful mechanism to work with the uneven genotypic/phenotypic distribution Charles Darwin 1809-1882 Voyage of the Beagle to the Galapagos Finches Origin of Species - 1859 Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals - 1872 Darwin vs. Lamarck How does a giraffe get its long neck? Lamarck (1744-1829) Mendelian Genetics Gregor Mendel 1822-1884 Dominant vs. recessive Genotype vs. phenotype (expression) Punctuated Equilibria Niles Eldredge Stephen Jay Gould (1941-2002) long periods of stability with abrupt periods of change and appearances of new species splitting off of daughter species (cladogenesis), rather than transformation of species as a whole (anagenesis) Founder effects Mitosis vs. Meiosis Mitosis: one cell becomes two cells with the same DNA Meiosis: one cell becomes four cell