02 Histograms 020716.pptVIP

Introduction to Hematology Histograms Introduction to Hematology Histograms By the end of this session, you will be able to… Be able to define and state the purpose of a histogram. Describe Coulter Principle as it relates to histogram development Describe the characteristics of a typical WBC, RBC and Plt Histogram Describe the uses of the histogram as they relate to Beckman Coulter Hematology Systems. State the purpose of the Platelet Fitting process. Be able to recognize a typical versus atypical WBC, RBC, or PLT histogram. Electrical Impedance Counting 运用库尔特原理测量数量和体积。 在应用库尔特原理时，电子阀值用来区分不同类型细胞。 Beckman Coulter 血球仪也使用电子阀值来区分白细胞亚群。 细胞将被归类到适当的大小区域，并形成直方图。我们称之为通道化。 From Pulses to Peaks... Beckman Coulter Hematology Systems 使用连续的阀值从体积上对细胞分类，并形成体积的分布曲线。 两条相邻阀值线之间的区域叫通道。 为了将某一细胞算在特定通道内，脉冲峰值必须位于定义的通道内。 Raw Data Histogram 为了产生体积分布曲线或称直方图，我们将X轴设为体积，Y轴单位设为细胞数量。 经过数学运算将原始图形处理为光滑的曲线。 The Normal Histogram The information from a histogram can be used to determine the mean (average) size of particles, the dispersion of the particles around the mean size, and the subpopulations within a main population. A display or hard-copy plot of a histogram also allows the operator to visually monitor each cell population for abnormalities in the distribution. Histograms are also useful in troubleshooting certain instrument problems. 典型的白细胞直方图 在白细胞通道内，所有体积超过35fl的细胞都作为白细胞。 WBC直方图分为3个 区域: 淋巴细胞，单核细胞和粒细胞。 典型的淋巴细胞亚群是最高的。 在35，90，160和450fL有四个区域，分别标明1，2，3和4。 典型的红细胞直方图 所有超过36fL的细胞都作为红细胞。 RBC主直方图是铃状的，对称曲线。 主直方图右侧的小曲线代表RBC双聚体，三聚体和白细胞。 Typical Platelet Histogram 典型的PLT直方图有两条曲线。 原始曲线范围从2 to 20fL. 拟和曲线范围从 0 to 70fL. Platelet Fitting Process The purpose of the fitting process is to: Fit-Out interferences such as electrical interference and debris (0fL-2fL) and microcytes (20fL-70fL). Fit-In abnormally large and small PLTs. THE END Indications of a Plt No-Fit: Only the smooth curve is displayed and/or printed on the PLT Histogram. An “R” flag is displayed next to the on screen and printed PLT res