Chapter 5 Compouding, Blending and Analogy,.pptVIP

Group Discussion Discuss in groups and try to analyze the orthographic features of the following words or phrases. mallrat power-nap hot spot wake-up call Group Discussion Discuss in groups and try to explain the following words or expressions. bed blocker voice jail turntable knitwear Ⅰ. Compounding and Compounds 1. What is a compound? A compound is a lexical unit consisting of more than one root, i.e. they must be free morphemes, and functioning both grammatically and semantically as a single word, e.g. railroad, coal-black, downfall, overthrow, evergreen, consulting-room, looking-glass, wash-board What is compounding? Compounding is a main type of word-formation adding one base to another, such that usually the one placed in front in some sense subcategorizes the one that follows, e. g. “blackbird”. English compounds can be analyzed: According to orthographic criterion, compounds are written in three ways: a) solid; (e.g. bedtime, mallrat, turntable, knitwear) b) hyphenated; (e.g. above-mentioned, power-nap ) c) open; (e.g. reading material, hot spot, bed blocker, voice jail) English compounds can be analyzed: Semantically, compounds can often be identified as “having a meaning which may be related to but cannot simply be inferred from the meaning of its parts”. bed blocker, knitwear, hot spot mallrat, wake-up call, voice jail, darkroom 2. Classification of compounds: Compounds can be classified into three categories according to word classes: noun compounds, adjective compounds and verb compounds. Task One: Discuss in groups and try to analyze the grammatical structures of the following words and expressions. daybreak nightfall watchdog copycat dancing girl washing machine The first type of noun compounds is the type “subject + verb”. 1) subject + deverbal noun, earthquake… 2) verb + subject, playboy… 3) verbal noun in –ing + subject, firing machine… Task Two