vlsi circuit design 15 analog basic circuit.ppt

analog circuit blocks VLSI Circuits DesignAnalog Basic Circuits Wang Yong-sheng yswang@hit.edu.cn Long Channel I-V Plot (NMOS) Review Long Channel I-V (PMOS) Review Cut-off Region ID=0 Triode Region（Linear Region） Saturation Region MOS Small-signal Model Current Source (Sink) Basic Current Source (Sink) rout - a measure of the “flatness” of the current sink/source (its independence of voltage) VMIN - the min. across the sink or source for which the current is no longer constant CMOS Current Source (Sink) Current Mirror Basic Current Mirror Current Mirror Cascode Current Mirror Improving the output resistance Single Stage Amplifiers Classifications Common-Source Common Drain (Source Follower) Common Gate Cascode Single Stage CS Amplifiers Differential Amplifiers Basic Differential Pair Operational Amplifiers (OPA) Principal characteristics in open loop of Ideal voltage OPA : ZIN = ∞ (IIN = 0) ZOUT = 0 Gain A = ∞ (VIN → 0) Bandwidth B → ∞ Noise Vn and In → 0 CMRR → ∞ Closed loop: Operational Amplifiers (OPA) DC characteristics: DC gain AVO is not infinite (AVO = 60 — 80 dB) Voltage offset at input (MOS VOS ? 3 — 5 mV) Bias currents at input (Bipolar-transistor IB ? 10 nA) CMR (Common-Mode Range) CMRR (Common-Mode Rejection Ratio) Operational Amplifiers (OPA) AC characteristics: Input impedances: ZIN = 1010 — 1012 W Output impedance: ZOUT = 20 — 200 W AC gain and gain-bandwidth product (GB) Operational Amplifiers (OPA) Large-signal characteristics: In order to characterize the large-signal performances of OPA, we have two methods. Step inputs Large amplitude sinusoidal signals Operational Amplifiers (OPA) Noise characteristics: Noise sources in voltage: Noise sources in current Operational Amplifiers (OPA) Power supply characteristics: Power supply rejection ratio, PSRR Power consumption Operational Amplifier Architectures Amplifier in one stage: Simple structure Large bandwidth Not need compensation Low gain (60 dB) Operation