Analogy and Exercises for Chapter Five.pptVIP

Ⅰ.Forming New Words by Analogy The Main Processes of Word-Formation Prefixation: putting a prefix in front of the base or root… Suffixation: putting a suffix after the base or root … Conversion: assigning the base to a different word class without any change of form… Compounding: adding one base to another… The Minor Processes of Word-Formation Clipping or Shortening: bus … Acronyms: CUL… Blending: Oxbridge, travelogue… Back-formation: edit, beg… Forming new words by analogy Task One: Discuss in groups and try to explain the following words and expressions. Presenteeism earwitness mouse potato phone tree senior moment the bleeding edge 1.?Definition: The process of analogical creation is one of the tendencies in English word-formation. A new word or a new phrase is coined by an analogy between a newly created one or an existing corresponding one. Marathon → telethon, talkathon, … Brainstorming → blamestorming 2. Two types of analogically coined words: a)?single words: 2. Two types of analogically coined words: b) phrases: Ⅱ. Exercises on Word-Formation: Roots Task Two: Please come to the blackboard and write on it the words formed on the basis of the roots “-tain-/ ten/ tin”, “-rupt-”, “-sist-” and “-arch/ archy”. 1. –tain-/ -ten-/ -tin-: to hold abstain, appertain, attain, contain, detain, entertain, maintain, obtain, pertain, retain, sustain, sustainment, sustainable … abstention, content, contented, detention, lieutenant, maintenace, retention, retentive, sustenance, tenable, tenancy, tenacious, tenacity ... abstinence, abstainment, continue, continuation, continuity, continent, pertinence, pertinent, retinue... 2. –rupt-: to break abrupt, abruptness, bankrupt, bankruptcy, corrupt, corruption, corruptible, corruptive, disrupt, disrupting, disruption, disruptive, erupt, eruption, eruptive, interrupt, interruption, incorrupt, irrupt, irruption, irruptive, rupture ... 3. –sist-: to stand desist, resis