Unit_12__Politics_and_Economy_(爱尔兰的政治和经济).docVIP

Unit 12? Politics and Economy 爱尔兰的政治和经济 一、本单元重点内容 1. Representative democracy? 代议民主制 2. The structure of Irish government　（爱尔兰政府的结构） 3. Checks and balances 　 制约与平衡 4. Civil Services? 公务员制度 5. The Irish legal system? 爱尔兰法律制度 6. Small, open, trade-dependent economy　 小型，开放，贸易依赖型经济 ? and Economic transformation　 经济转型 7. Ireland’s accession to the EU as a watershed 爱尔兰加入欧盟是一个分水岭 8. Social change　 社会变迁 9. New prosperity　 新的繁荣 and New inequalities　 新的不平等 二、本单元重、难点辅导 1. The political system 1 Representative democracy? 代议民主制 2 Republic 共和制 2. The structure of Irish government　（爱尔兰政府的结构） 1 The President The President acts as a symbolic Head of State only and does not have executive functions. The Irish Presidency perhaps is nearer to the status of the present Queen in England than to that of the President of the United States. 爱尔兰的总统是象征性的国家元首，并不具有行政职能,更像英国的女王而不像美国的总统。） The President’s term of office is 7 years. A president can be reelected once only. Every citizen of 35 years of age or over is eligible to run for President. 总统任期7年，总统是选举出来的，现任总统玛丽·麦卡利斯 2 The Government 行政机关 The executive powers 行政权力 of the State are exercise by, or on the authority of, the Government. The Constitution provides that the Government shall consist of not less than 7 and not more than 15 members: all must be elected members of the Irish parliament. The Government acts collectively and is responsible to the Dail 爱尔兰国会之下议院 or Irish Parliament. The Prime Minister 总理 or Taoiseach 爱尔兰共和国总理 is appointed by the President on the nomination of the Parliament. The Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister appoint a cabinet to execute the daily business of government. 宪法规定，政府包括7-15名成员，都必须是国会议员。爱尔兰共和国的总理由总统根据议会的提名任命的。总理和副总理任命一个内阁来处理政府的日常事务。 Each member of the Government heads one Department of State. Government ministers are assisted in their work by Ministers of State 部长助理，副部长who are not members of the Government . The Prime Minister also appoints an Attorney General 首席检察官，检查