南阳城市不同类型绿地的生态调节功能评价.docVIP

南阳城市不同类型绿地的生态调节功能评价 南阳城市不同类型绿地的生态调节功能评价 王正德,庞发虎 (南阳师范学院生命科学与技术学院,河南南阳473061) 摘要 [目的]为城市绿地系统的规划和建设提供科学依据。[方法]将南阳市区片状绿地按种植结构分为乔-灌-草、乔-草、灌-草、 乔木、灌木和草坪6种类型,并定点定时测定绿地中心和对照点的光强、湿度、温度、噪音和空气中细菌数。[结果]结果表明,在片状绿 地中,除草坪外,其他绿地均具有一定的遮荫效应,不同结构绿地遮荫效应依次为灌木乔-灌-草乔-草灌-草乔木草坪; 各绿地也有明显的降温效应,降温效应依次为乔-灌-草乔木灌木乔-草灌-草草坪;各绿地还有一定的增湿效应,增湿效 应依次为乔-草乔-灌-草乔木灌木灌-草草坪;各绿地也具有降噪效应,降噪效应依次为乔-灌-草乔-草乔木 灌-草灌木草坪;各绿地在灭菌方面也有明显的作用,灭菌效应依次为乔-灌-草乔-草乔木灌-草灌木草坪。[结 论]相同种植结构的绿地中复层结构绿地的生态效益均大于单层结构的绿地,以乔-灌-草三维立体型绿地生态功能最佳。 关键词 绿地系统;生态功能;小气候 中图分类号 S688.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2008)30-13138-04 Evaluation of Ecological Functions of Green Land System in Nanyang City WANG Zheng-de et al (College of Life Science andTechnology,NangyangNormal University,Nanyang,Henan 473061) Abstract [Objective]The aim of this paper was to offer scientific basis for the planning and construction of urban greenland system.[Method] Patch green lands inNanyangCitywere classified accordingtothe plantingstructure intoarbor+shrub+herb,arbor+herb,shrub+herb,arbor,shruband lawn. And the bacterial number in air,light intensity,humidity,temperature,noise in greenland center and control pointwere detected.[Result] Result showed that patch green land had certain shade effect expectthe lawn.The shade effectof different structures ofgreen landwas shrubarbor+shrub+herbar- bor+herbshrub+herbarborlawn.And the cooling effectwas arbor+shrub+herbarborshrubarbor+herbshrub+herblawn.The humid- ifying effect of each green landwas in the order of arbor+herbarbor+shrub+herbarborshrubshrub+herblawn.Their noise reduction effect was arbor+shrub+herbarbor+herbarborshrub+herbshrublawn.Andtheirsterilization effectwas inthe orderof arbor+shrub+herbarbor +herbarborshrub+herbshrublawn.[Conclusion] Ecological benefitofmultilayerstructuresofgreen land inthe sameplantingstructurewasbig- ger than that of monolayer structure,with three-dimentional type of arbor+shrub+herb being the optimum. Key words Green-land system;Ecological function;Microclimate 绿地作为城市景观中的绿色主体,对城市环境和气候调 节起着举足轻重