measles.pptVIP

measles Xiao Lin Respiratory tract infectious diseases. fever, rash,malaise, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and pharyngitis. A pathognomonic enanthem of measles (Kopliks spots) erupts on the buccal mucosa during this phase. Microbiology Measles is caused by a pleomorphic 100- to 250-nm RNA virus of the Paramyx oviridae family. Only one serotype. Resistance: to be inactivated by heat, light, all kinds of disinfectants. Pathogenesis Measles virus is spread primarily via respiratory droplet nucleus. Direct contact is also a mode of transmission. Humans are the only natural reservoir for the virus. The primary site of adhesion and invasion is the respiratory epithelium, with quick spread to lymphatic tissues and emerge viremia. Measles virus is communicable for 3-5 days before the outbreak of the rash. It remains communicable up to 4 days after the appearance of rash. Immunocompromised patients can shed virus for an extended period of time. Patients who develop subacute sclerosing panencephalitis do not continue to shed virus. ? Epidemiology Rubeola, commonly known as measles, is a virus spread primarily in the winter and early spring. Like mumps and rubella, vaccination has drastically changed the epidemiology of measles. It is prevalent throughout the world. Measles vaccine was introduced for commercial use in 1963. Source of infection: patients Route of transmission: respiratory droplet nucleus. Susceptible person: Clinical manifestation  (typical measles) Typical measles, also referred to as natural measles, can occur at any age. 4 stages Incubation: 10-14 days Prodromal phase: 3-4 days duration is marked by fever, rash, malaise, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and pharyngitis A pathognomonic enanthem of measles (Kopliks spots) erupts on the buccal mucosa during this phase. Eruption stage Fever Rash ---Morphous: maculopapular rash ---Order of occurring rash: ---Time of occurring rash: 3-4th day after