高一英语词语人教版知识精讲.docVIP

高一英语词语人教版 【同步教育信息】 一. 本周教学内容： 词语 二. 重点短语： 1. cut down cut down 表示“砍倒，降低，缩短”等。 例如： （1）Many villagers cut down trees to build their house. （2）The man cut down the poor young tree with an axe. （3）The assistant asked me to pay 50 yuan for the shirt, but I cut down to 20 yuan. （4）If you cut down this pair of trousers, you can give it to your younger sister. （5）The angry man cut the table up. （6）He cut three metres of cloth from that roll. （7）The electricity was cut off because of maintenance. 2. by by引导的时间状语，有“在某时前、到某时为止”、“到某时”的意思，所修饰的谓语动词的时态既取决于by短语，指过去、将来还是现在，也取决于谓语动词是动作动词还是状态动词。详述如下： 1）by引导的时间状语表示过去某一时间 （1）By the time he was ten, he had already built a chemistry lab for himself. （2）By seven o’clock, the wind was blowing harder than ever. （3）By that time the Japanese were already very near. （4）By then he knew what he wanted to be when he grew up. （5）By the end of last month, my brother had been on that ship for two years. 2）by短语表示将来某一时间 （6）Quite often you’ll find the unknown word comes again, perhaps several times and by the end of the chapter you’ll have guessed its meaning. （7）We will have the work completed by noon tomorrow. （8）Mrs Adams thought the movie would be finished by 10:30 p.m. （9）Your son will be all right by supper time. （10）He won’t be here by this time tomorrow. 3）by短语表示现在 （11）Perhaps she’s recovered by now. 3. used to （1）used to 是情态动词，只有过去式，其后接动词原形，表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在。 used to 的否定式为：used not to / use（d）n’t to / did not use to；疑问式为：Did +主+used to …? / used +主+to …? 如： ① There used to be a bus stop on that corner. 在那个拐角上曾有一个公共汽车站。 ② I used to go to office on foot but I don’t do that now. 过去我步行去上班，但现在不这样了 ③ The village is no longer what it used to be. 这村庄已不再是过去的样子了。 ④ He usedn’t / didn’t use to like fish. 他过去不喜欢吃鱼。 ⑤ You used to be good friends, usen’t you / didn’t you? 你们曾是好朋友，是这样吗？ 4. touch touch在这里是动词，意为“接触”，“触碰”，“轻按”。例： （1）The mountain is so high that it seems to touch the clouds. 这座山非常高，似乎碰到了云彩。 （2）Visitors are requi