通信原理——Chapter1.ppt

Introduction to Communication Principles Course Name: Introduction to Communication Principles Course Code: EI211 Course Instructor: Dianguang Ma Text: Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 6/e or 7/e, by Leon W. Couch II Contents: Chapters 1 – 4. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION What is a Communication System? Communication systems are designed to transmit information. Communication system designers have four main concerns: Selection of the information-bearing waveform Bandwidth and power of the waveform Effect of system noise on the received information Cost of the system 1-2 A digital information source produces a finite set of possible messages. 1-2 An analog information source produces messages that are defined on a continuum. 1-2 A digital communication system transfers information from a digital source to the intended receiver (also called the sink). 1-2 An analog communication system transfers information from an analog source to the sink. 1-2 A digital waveform is a function of time that can have only a discrete set of values. An analog waveform is a function of time that can has a continuous range of values. 1-3 DETERMINISTIC AND RANDOM WAVEFORMS A deterministic waveform can be modeled as a completely specified function of time. 1-3 A random waveform (or stochastic waveform) can not be completely specified as a function of time and must be modeled probabilistically. 1-6 BLOCK DIAGRAM Of A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM All communication systems involves three main subsystems: the transmitter, the channel, and the receiver. 1-6 The information (message), may be in analog or digital form and it may represent audio, video, or other type of information. They are baseband signals. The signal processing block at the transmitter conditions the source for more efficient transmission, e.g., lowpass filtering, source coding, channel coding, etc. 1-6 The transmitter carrier circuit (modulator) converts the processed baseband signal into a frequency band that is appropriate for the t