职称英语常考从句析之名词性从句.docVIP

2010职称英语常考从句解析之名词性从句 中国职称英语考试网 网络课堂 考试用书 在线考试 在线问答 名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句，这几类从句用法复杂、学习难度较大，学员在考试中丢分现象严重。 一、考点聚焦1、名词性从句中连接词的运用名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。（1）that的用法。①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.③ that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如：It happened that I went out last night.It is said that China will win in the World Cup.④that和what的区别。that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词即常说的先行词 + that。如：It’s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says.⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如：They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句）（2）whether和if的用法。①whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：It all depends on whether they will come back.②后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.③主语从句表语从句中只能用whether。如：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much m