毕业设计(论文)-原油预热换热器毕业设计.doc

摘要 换热器是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备。换热器是化工、石油、动力、食品及其它许多工业部门的通用设备，在生产中占有重要地位。本设计说明书是关于PN2.5DN1000浮头式换热器的设计，主要是进行了换热器的工艺计算、换热器的结构和强度设计。 设计的前半部分是工艺计算部分，主要是根据给定的设计条件估算换热面积，从而进行换热器的选型，校核传热系数，计算出实际的换热面积，最后进行压力降和壁温的计算。设计的后半部分则是关于结构和强度的设计，主要是根据已经选定的换热器型式进行设备内各零部件（如接管、折流板、定距管、钩圈、管箱等）的设计，包括：材料的选择、具体尺寸确定、确定具体位置、管板厚度的计算、浮头盖和浮头法兰厚度的计算、开孔补强计算等。最后设计结果可通过5张图表现出来。 按照GB150-98《钢制压力容器》、GB5151-99《钢制管壳式换热器》对该容器进行设计、制造、试验和验收，结果与实际运行设备相符。关于浮头式换热器设计的各个环节，设计说明书中都有详细的说明。 关键词：管壳式换热器 浮头式换热器 管板 浮头盖 浮头法兰Abstract Heat exchanger is parts of the thermal fluid heat transfer to the cold fluid equipment. The heat exchanger is chemical, petroleum, power, food and many other common equipment in the industrial sector, plays an important role in production. The design manual is about the PN 2.5，DN 1000 floating head heat exchanger, which included technology calculate of heat exchanger, the structure and intensity of heat exchanger. The first part of design is the technology calculation process. Mainly, the process of technology calculate is according to the given design conditions to estimate the heat exchanger area, and then, select a suitable heat exchanger to check heat transfer coefficient ,just for the actual heat transfer area .Meanwhile the process above still include the pressure drop and wall temperature calculation . The second half of the design is about the structure and intensity of the design. This part is just on the selected type of heat exchanger to design the heat exchanger’s components and parts ,such as vesting ,baffled plates, the distance control tube, circle hook, tube boxes. This part of design mainly include：the choice of materials，identify specific size, identify specific location, the thickness calculation of tube sheet, the thickness calculation of floating head planting and floating head flange, the opening reinforcement calculation etc. In the end, the final design results through five maps to display. After the design、manufacture、testing and checking according to the GB150-98 and G