考研英语每日一课——被动语态.doc

考研英语每日一课——被动语态 考研英语每日一课——被动语态 内容提要 英语中的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。英语中只有及物动词、动词短语和某些成语才能构成被动语态。被动语态的构成形式为“be＋动词的ED分词”。在下列情况下用被动语态：不知道或不必要提出动作的执行者；强调动作的承受者；“get＋动词ED分词”是被动词的特殊形式；某些系动词用主动表示被动；表示状态或特征的及物动词没有被动语态。总之，主动语态和被动语态是有一定区别的。 I被动语态的用法 一、当我们不知道动作的执行者时 1)Colorful posters were in San Francisco in the 1960s to publicize rock shows. ［A］print ［B］prints ［C］printed ［D］printing 2)The main ［A］stream of a river frequently is dividing ［B］into two or more ［C］branches near its mouth ［D］. 二、当我们不必要指出动作的执行者时 3)The tenor drum(小鼓)is used primarily in military bands and is normally with small felt sticks. ［A］play ［B］played ［C］to play ［D］playing 4)Ill take down your name and address in case you as a witness. ［A］are needed ［B］will be needed ［C］need ［D］will need 5)Cottage cheese，an American favorite ［A］，can made easily ［B］at home ［C］from milk ［D］，lemon，juice，and salt. 三、当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者时,这时我们通常用by引出动作的执行者 6)The seating of musicians in an orchestra is arranged to produce the desired blend of sounds from the various musical sections. A the conductor of B from the conductor C the conductor and D by the conductor 7)The bridge was hitting ［A］by a large ship during ［B］a sudden ［C］storm last ［D］week. 四、“get＋ed分词”的被动语态,这时习惯固定用法，这种结构往往更强调动作的结果而非动作的本身 8)“Your daughter has two children,doesnt she?” “Thats right.She in 1970.” ［A］did marriage ［B］was married ［C］had married ［D］got married 9)Supposing you five bottles of beer,do you think you would get drunk? ［A］were drinking ［B］have drunk ［C］were to drink ［D］drink 五、主动形式表示被动意义,如某些系动词如cook,feel,prove,smell和taste等其主动语态表示被动的意义 10)The pattedshoes that my wife bought me comfortable. ［A］felt ［B］feels ［C］was felt ［D］is felt 11)As ［A］the proverb says ［B］,“Good medicine is tasted ［C］bitter to ［D］the mouth.” 六、没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如contain,cost,fit,have,lack,suit等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen,occur,take place,break out 等不及物动词或短语以及诸如result from(缘于)，belong to,consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态 12)Some critics maintain that when ［A］a work of literature is lacked ［B］reference to ［C］