毕业设计(论文)－四层楼PLC变频电梯控制.docVIP

毕业论文 PAGE PAGE 25 育人为本 厚德强技 摘 要 自从1854年，在美国纽约水晶宫举行的世界博览会上，发明家伊莱沙-格雷大斯-奥的斯首次向世人展示了他的发明——人类的第一部安全升降梯。从那以后升降梯就被用到了各种场合，随着社会的发展，科学的进步，对其性能的要求也不断的提高了。 电梯从材质上由黑白到彩色；样式上有原本的直式到后来的斜式；在操纵上更上不断更新—由手柄开关操纵式，按钮控制，信号控制，集选控制，到现在的人机对话等，多台电梯还出现了并联控制，智能联控，不同外形扇形，半菱形，圆形观光电梯改变了老式电梯的视野局限。一个半世纪的风雨历程，翻天覆地的历史变迁，但电梯提升人们生活质量的承诺永恒不变。 在电梯带给人们方便的时候，同时也给人们带来了一些困扰，因为机器总有出现故障的时候，给人们的生命财产带来了许多的危害。所以人们在安装电梯的时候就会考虑其的安全使用。随着计算机技术和电力电子技术的发展，现在电梯的安全指数也不断的提高，已经实现了智能化，可以在意外出现的时候让人们的生命财产得到安全保障，解除了人们的后顾之忧，成为人们生活中离不开的伙伴。 随着大规模的经济建设尤其是蓬勃发展的房地产业给电梯开拓了一个广阔的市场，2001年我国的电梯产量达到将近5万台，创造了行业发展史上的一个新的高峰，被业内人士称为“第三次浪潮”。目前，我国经济建设中所需求的电梯，几乎可以自己生产。随着经济建设的高速发展，电梯的需求量将会越来越大，据统计，全世界平均1000人有一台电梯，我国现在还没达到这个水平。由此可以看来，一个国家的经济建设速度是跟电梯的生产数量成正比。 随着人们对其要求的提高，电梯得到了快速发展，其拖动技术已经发展到了调频调压调速，其逻辑控制也由PLC代替原来的继电器控制。本文在已有的通变频器的基础上，采用PLC对电梯进行控制，通过合理的选择和设计，提高了电梯的控制水平，并改善了电梯运行的舒适感，使电梯达到了较为理想的控制效果 关键词: PLC、变频调速电梯、舒适安全、变频异步电动机 目 录 摘 要····································································································1 目 录····································································································2 毕业设计任务书····················································································3 1. 引言 ······························································································4 1.1 课题的目的和意义··································································4 1.2 课题研究的进展······································································4 2. 总体设计 ·······················································································5 2.1 方案选择··················································································5 2.2系统硬件设计··········································································6 2.3 PLC控制系统设计··································································16 2.4 设计思路及程序设计················