探讨草本植物对酸雨的抵抗能力.docVIP

　 探讨草本植物对酸雨的抵抗能力 二氧化硫是大气中分布较广泛和危害较大的污染物之一，也是酸雨的主要组成成分。随着二氧化硫污染问题越来越严重，我国的甘肃省陇南地区、山东省胶东半岛、陕西省南部以及长江流域以南大部分地区均出现过不同程度的酸雨。在１９９５年８月通过的《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》中明确规定，在全国划定酸雨控制区和二氧化硫污染控制区，以达到在双控区内强化对酸雨和二氧化硫的污染控制目的。然而，我们要避免目前常用的治理二氧化硫的化学方法，以免造成二次污染。硫是植物正常生长发育所必需的营养元素，植物通过其叶片上的气孔和枝条上的皮孔等自然孔口，将大气中的二氧化硫等污染物吸入体内，在体内通过一系列氧化还原过程进行中和而形成无毒物质（即降解作用），或通过根系排出体外，或积累贮藏于某一器官内。因此，广泛植树种草是降低二氧化硫污染的有效措施之一。草坪植物是城市生态环境的重要组成部分，对于一定浓度范围内的二氧化硫，不仅具有一定的抵抗力，而且也具有相当程度的吸收净化能力［１］。然而不同的植物种类，因其生理功能上的差异，其吸收和净化二氧化硫的能力也明显不同。试验利用喷洒二氧化硫溶液来模拟酸雨环境，探讨了两种北方城市绿地常见草本植物草地早熟禾（Ｐｏａ ｐｒａｔｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌ．）与麦冬［Ｏｐｈｉｏｐｏｇｏｎ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ （Ｔｈｕｎｂ．） Ｋｅｒ－Ｇａｗｌ．］对二氧化硫模拟酸雨的抵抗能力，现将结果报告如下。 Sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere is widely distributed and one of the hazardous pollutants, and also a major ingredient of acid rain. With sulfur dioxide pollution is becoming more and more serious, Chinas Gansu region of Longnan Province, Shandong province Jiaodong Peninsula, southern Shaanxi province and the south of the Yangtze River Basin in most areas have had varying degrees of acid rain. In 1995 August through the the peoples Republic of China Air Pollution Prevention Law clearly defined, in the national designated control area of acid rain and sulfur dioxide pollution control areas, in order to achieve the double control objective of acid rain and sulfur dioxide pollution zone. However, we should avoid chemical methods of governance of sulfur dioxide at present, so as not to cause two pollution. Sulfur is nutrients for plant growth and development of plants required, through the stomata and the leaves on the branches of the lenticels and other natural orifice, the pollutants in the atmosphere of sulfur dioxide inhalation, and the formation of toxic substances in the body through a series of redox process ( i.e. degradation ), or through the root excretion the accumulation of storage, or in an organ. Therefore, extensive planting of trees and grass is one of the effective measures to reduce sulfur dioxide pollution. Lawn plant is an important part o