大学高级英语第六册课文Paraphrasenew.docVIP

Lesson 1 Sexism in School Education is not a spectator sport. (p3) Education is something that all students should participate in. When students participate in classroom discussion they hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning. (p3) When students participate in classroom discussion they are more inclined to think that going to school is useful, and the positive attitudes facilitate learning. It is no coincidence that girls are more passive in the classroom and score lower than boys on SATs. (p3) It is not surprising that the two things, namely, girls being more passive in the classroom and scoring lower than boys should be causally related. Most teachers claim that girls participate and are called on in class as often as boys. (p4) Most teachers state that girls participate and are asked to speak in class as often as boy. But a three-year study we recently completed found that this is not true; vocally, boys clearly dominate the classroom. (p4) Based on a three-year study, we found that this is not true; in terms of oral participation, boys clearly speak much more in classroom. When we showed teachers and administrators film of a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers overwhelmingly said the girls were. (p4) When we showed teachers and people responsible for the running of a school a video of a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers almost all said the girls were. But in reality, the boys in the film were out-talking the girls at a ratio of three to one. (p4) But in reality, the boys in the video were talking more than the girls at a speed of three to one. Half of the classroom covered language arts and English-subjects in which girls traditionally have excelled; the other half covered math and science --- traditionally made domains. (p5) Half of the classroom covered the skills in using the language for effective communication and literary appreciation. And girls