Database Overview毛毛制作.pptVIP

Database Overview数据库简介 主讲：江西师大 计算机学院 毛俊毅 Datebase Overview Ⅰ.Introduction Ⅱ.Datebase Management Systems Ⅲ.Database Architecture Ⅳ.Database Models Ⅴ.Database Design Introduction File System ◆ In the past, database applications were built on top of file systems ◆Each application program in an organization used its own file——flat file ◆ Data redundancy and inconsistency Difficulty in accessing data Data isolation Integrity problems Database System ◆ nowadays,all of these flat files can be combined in a single entity—Database ◆ Collection of interrelated data Set of programs to access the data the application program in an organization Database Management System DBMS ◆ A DBMS defines,creates,and maintains a database ◆Five components ⒈ Hardware The hardware is the physical computer system that allows access to data. ⒉ Software The sofeware is the actual program that allows users to access,maintain,and update data. ⒊ Data The data in a database is stored physically on the storage devices. ⒋ Users ● end users:thoes humans who can access the database directly to get information. database administrator normal user ● application programs:access and process data ⒌ Procedures A set of procedures or rules that should be clearly defined and followed by the users of the database Database Architecture ⒈ Internal Level The internal level determines where data is actually stored on the storage devices. ⒉ Conceptual Level The conceptual level defines the logical vies of the data. ⒊ External Level The external level interacts directly with the user(end users or application programs). Database Model ◆ define the logical design of data describe the relationship between different parts of the data ◆Three models(often used) ⒈Hierarchical Database Model in the hierarchical model,data is organized as an inverted（倒置的，反向的） tree ⒉ Network Database Model in the network model,the entities are organiz