形容词和副词5doc.docVIP

形容词和副词 I、形容词 形容词用来 HYPERLINK /doc/6633307.html \t /doc/_blank 修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征，常常意为“······的”。如：long, empty, cheap, angry, dangerous, interesting等。 I、形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语或者宾语。 作定语： 1、单个的形容词修饰名词或者代词，直接放在被修饰的名词或者代词前。但当被修饰的是复合不定代词时，形容词要位于复合不定代词后。如： He is a good student. She is a beautiful girl. He found something valuable. 2、多个形容词同时修饰一个名词或代词作定语是，其顺序应是：描绘形容词+尺寸（大小）+形状+年龄（新旧）+颜色+国际+材料+用途（类别）+名词。如：I bought a nice small round new yellow french oak writing desk. 但我们一般按与修饰的名词紧密关系来排序，关系越紧密，越靠近被修饰的名词。如：an old Chinese stone bridge. Some beautiful little red flowers. 作表语： 形容词常用在联系动词后，用来说明 HYPERLINK /doc/400900-424516.html \t /doc/_blank 主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。如：She is beautiful. Her face turned red. The water remains hot.但有些形容词只能用在系动词后作表语，不能用在名词前作定语：1、某些a-开头的形容词afraid, alive, alone, ashamed, asleep,awake等。2、表身体健康的ill, fine, well等。3、某些描述心情的glad, pleased, sorry等。4、其他certain, sure,fond, ready, unable等。 作宾语补足语： 某些动词如make, find, paint, keep,like want等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的状态或者特征。如： Do you like your tea weak or strong? You must keep the classroom clean. The boy was beaten black and blue。 四、作主语： The good are happy. 五、作宾语：You should respect the old and love the young. II、形容词的构成： +ful Forget-forgetful, help-helpful, wonder-wonderful, use-useful, care-careful,beauty-beautiful Thank-thankful,color-colorful +ed/ing Relax-relaxing/relaxed interest-interested/interesting excite-exited/exciting surprise-surprised/surprising +y Sun-sunny rain-rainy snow- snowy cloud- cloudy health-healthy +en Wool -woolen wood- wooden +ern West- western east-eastern north-northern south-southern 名词+ly Friendly, daily,weekly, silly, lovely,lonely, lively 复合形容词 good-looking, nice-smelling; well-written, best-housed, newly-published;ill-tempered, short-sighted, sweet-tempered, tender-hearted; snow-white, sky-blue. II、副词 用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和句子的词。如：very, quickly,out, soon等。一、副词在句中可以作状语；定语； 表语； 宾语补足语。 副词作状语：It’s raining heavily. You are quite right. 副词作定语：All the students