Earth_Sciece练习题.doc

Chapter 2 Composition of the Earth（Question of mineral and rocks） 1. Which of the following is a required characteristic of minerals? E A) Inorganic solid. B) Naturally formed. C) Distinct chemical formula. D) Ordered arrangement of atoms. E) All of the above. 2. What are the two most common elements in the earths crust? D A) Carbon and nitrogen B) Hydrogen and helium C) Iron and nickel D) Silicon and oxygen 3. What kind of a silicate mineral is Hornblende (an amphibole)? C A) Orthosilicate (single tetrahedra). B) Single chain silicate. C) Double chain silicate. D) Sheet silicate. E) Framework silicate (three-dimensional networks). 4. What kind of a silicate mineral is Muscovite (a mica)? D A) Orthosilicate (single tetrahedra). B) Single chain silicate. C) Double chain silicate. D) Sheet silicate. E) Framework silicate (three-dimensional networks). 5. Which of the following is not a silicate mineral? B A) Augite. B) Calcite. C) Kaolinite. D) Olivine. E) Quartz. 6. What mineral family does gypsum belong to? E A) Carbonates. B) Halides. C) Oxides. D) Silicates. E) Sulfates. 7. What is another polymorph of the mineral diamond? B A) Calcite. B) Graphite. C) Halite D) Orthoclase. E) Quartz. 8) Which of the following minerals is lowest on Mohs hardness scale? D A) Calcite. B) Diamond. C) Quartz. D) Talc. E) Topaz. 9) What is a rock with mineral grains too small to see with the unaided eye called? A A) Aphanitic. B) Glass. C) Phaneritic. D) Porphyritic. E) Tuff. 10) Which rock is the fine-grained equivalent of granite (same composition but aphanitic)? E A) Andesite. B) Basalt. C) Komatiite. D) Obsidian. E) Rhyolite. 11) Which of the following rocks contains the most quartz (the lowest temperature mineral on Bowens Reaction Series)? E A) Andesite. B) Basalt. C) Komatiite. D) Obsidian. E) Rhyolite. 12