Lesson3 Diesel Engine Construction.docVIP

Lesson 3 Diesel Engine Construction （１） The Bedplate The bedplate (Fig.7a) is the foundation on which the 2-stroke engine is built. It must be rigid enough to support the weight of the rest of the engine, and maintain the crankshaft, which sits in the bearing housings in the transverse girders, in alignment. At the same time it must be flexible enough to hog and sag with the foundation plate to which it is attached and which forms part of the ship’s structure. If the bedplate was too rigid, then as the hull flexed, the holding down bolts, which secure the engine into the ship would be likely to break, and there would be a danger of the bedplate cracking. Basically the bedplate consists of two longitudinal girders, which run the length of the engine. Connecting these longitudinal girders are the transverse girders, which are positioned between each crankshaft throw, and either side of the thrust collar. Built into the transverse girders are the main bearing pockets for the crankshaft to run in.(1) (a) (b) Fig.7 The A-Frames The A -Frames (Fig. 7b) carry the crosshead guides and support the engine entablature (the cylinder block). On large engines, the A-frames are individually erected on the bedplate directly above the transverse girders. When boxed in with plating they form the crankcase. The trend nowadays is to build the frame box as a separate fabricated construction and then, after stress relieving and machining the mating surfaces, to mount it on the bedplate. This has the advantage of saving weight.(2) When the frames are aligned on the bed-plate they are secured together by drilling and reaming and using fitted bolts. The tie rods To hold the bed-plate, frames and entablature firmly together in compression, and to transmit the firing forces back to the bedplate, long tie bolts ( Fig. 8a) are fitted through these three components and